Map
What is in each locality#
Search for a locality or press it on the map. The profile shows the doctors, practices, pharmacies and hospitals it has, what is missing and where the nearest locality that has them lies.
Practice means a primary-care practice: a family or general-medicine practice, a family medical partnership, a dispensary or a health centre, or at least one family doctor registered in the locality. Residents means people with a domicile in the locality. For doctors, pharmacies and beds, colours follow steps computed separately for each layer from localities with at least 300 residents; localities with no doctor, pharmacy or bed are rust-coloured. On a small screen the map zooms with two fingers or with the buttons in the corner.
Doctors and practices
385 localities with no registered doctor#
In 2024 INS registered no doctor at all in 385 localities, with more than 700,000 people registered there. INS counts a doctor at the unit where their main job is, which may be in another locality, so no doctors in the statistics does not always mean no practice.
Among these 385 localities, 82 have a primary-care practice. Arbore, in Suceava county in the north-east, last had a doctor registered in 2019; in 2024 it had 8,173 residents, two family practices and five pharmacies.
The other 303 localities, all of them communes, with more than 519,000 residents, have neither a registered doctor nor a practice.
The 316 localities without a primary-care practice have a median of 1,573 residents. The nearest locality with a practice is, at the median, 6.4 km away in a straight line and never more than 13.1 km; the road distance is longer.
The largest localities with no registered doctor and no practice
- 1commune, Ialomița county8,926 residentspractice 4.4 km away (Urziceni)
- 2commune, Botoșani county5,836 residentspractice 7.0 km away (Darabani); last doctor: 2022
- 3commune, Prahova county5,481 residentspractice 4.9 km away (Tătaru); last doctor: 2020
- 4commune, Buzău county5,291 residentspractice 7.1 km away (Grebănu)
- 5commune, Covasna county4,980 residentspractice 8.6 km away (Barcani); last doctor: 2020
- 6commune, Satu Mare county3,993 residentspractice 7.9 km away (Homoroade); last doctor: 2015
- 7commune, Vaslui county3,916 residentspractice 8.3 km away (Dragomirești); last doctor: 2021
- 8commune, Maramureș county3,752 residentspractice 5.2 km away (Săcălășeni); last doctor: 2021
- 9commune, Botoșani county3,737 residentspractice 8.9 km away (Avrămeni); last doctor: 2016
- 10commune, Călărași county3,659 residentspractice 4.3 km away (Vasilați); last doctor: 2022
For each, the nearest locality with a practice and, where there was one, the last year with a registered doctor.
Of the 315 localities that had at least one doctor between 2004 and 2022 and have none in either 2023 or 2024, 239 have no practice either.
With a practice but no registered doctor
- 1commune, Suceava county8,173 residentstwo practices, five pharmacies
- 2commune, Bacău county7,613 residentsone practice, one pharmacy
- 3commune, Suceava county4,719 residentsone practice, three pharmacies
- 4commune, Bacău county4,128 residentsone practice, two pharmacies
- 5commune, Suceava county3,969 residentsthree practices, three pharmacies
Pharmacies
621 localities with no pharmacy and no drug point#
In 2024, 1,136 localities, with more than 2.5 million people registered there, had no pharmacy. In 515 of them there was a drug point, a small outlet that dispenses medicines, which INS counts separately from pharmacies; since 2009 the category includes drugstores. In the other 621, with more than 1.2 million people registered there, there was no drug point either. 620 of them are communes; the one town is Ocnele Mari.
The nearest locality with a pharmacy or drug point is, at the median, 6.9 km away in a straight line and at most 21.3 km. More than 138,000 people live in localities whose centre is more than 10 km in a straight line from the nearest locality with a pharmacy or drug point.
The largest localities with no pharmacy and no drug point
- 1commune, Ialomița county8,926 residentspharmacy 4.4 km away (Urziceni)
- 2commune, Bacău county7,785 residentspharmacy 4.0 km away (Bacău)
- 3commune, Dâmbovița county6,806 residentspharmacy 3.2 km away (Doicești)
- 4commune, Bacău county6,725 residentspharmacy 4.0 km away (Faraoani)
- 5commune, Vaslui county5,746 residentspharmacy 6.4 km away (Muntenii de Sus)
- 6commune, Bacău county5,397 residentspharmacy 8.2 km away (Huruiești)
- 7commune, Buzău county5,169 residentspharmacy 6.0 km away (Râmnicu Sărat)
- 8commune, Bacău county5,062 residentspharmacy 7.7 km away (Traian)
- 9commune, Dâmbovița county5,028 residentspharmacy 6.8 km away (Mănești)
- 10commune, Giurgiu county4,980 residentspharmacy 5.7 km away (Daia)
For each, the nearest locality with a pharmacy or drug point.
227 localities that already existed before the administrative reorganisation of 2003–2006 had, from 1995 to 2024, no pharmacy, no drug point and no hospital at any time. The largest is Sita Buzăului, a commune in Covasna county, with 4,781 residents.
Country
The doctor rate rose sharply, the family-doctor rate only a little#
Nationally, doctors per 10,000 residents rose from 21.2 in 2004 to 35.7 in 2025, an increase of 68%. Most of the rise came after 2014, when the figure was 24.6.
The dentist rate rose faster than the doctor rate: from 4.4 per 10,000 residents in 2004 to 9.7 in 2024 and 9.8 in 2025. Pharmacies rose from 2.1 to 3.8 in 2024 and 3.9 in 2025; in 2025 drug points added 0.74 per 10,000 residents.
Family doctors, the general practitioners who are the first port of call, followed a different path: 5.1 per 10,000 in 2004, a peak of 6.5 in 2011, then 5.4 in 2018, 5.8 in 2024 and 6.1 in 2025. At 6.1 in 2025 they are still below the 2011 peak. The family-doctor rate grew least of doctors, dentists and pharmacies.
Inpatient hospital beds stayed almost unchanged: 62.8 per 10,000 residents in 2004, a low of 58.6 in 2014, 62.6 in 2024 and 63.1 in 2025. The rate has hardly moved since 2004; from 2022 INS also counts health centres with beds as hospitals.
The gap between towns and communes widened. In 2004 towns and cities had 33.0 doctors per 10,000 residents, communes 5.5; in 2024, 56.4 and 5.8. For dentists in 2024, towns and cities had 15.5 per 10,000 residents against 2.4 in communes, more than six times the rate. Family doctors are spread more evenly: 7.1 in towns, 4.1 in communes.
Counties
Counties: from 12 to 93 doctors per 10,000 residents#
In 2025 the county with the fewest doctors per 10,000 residents was Vaslui, with 11.6, and the one with the most was București, with 92.6, almost eight times as many. At the bottom of the list are Vaslui, Giurgiu, Dâmbovița, Călărași and Suceava.
INS counts doctors at the unit where their main job is. A county with large university hospitals may count doctors who also treat patients from the neighbouring counties.
| Map | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vaslui | 11.6 | +4.1% | 3.0 | 504,270 | |
| Giurgiu | 12.8 | +0.5% | 4.5 | 258,035 | |
| Dâmbovița | 12.9 | +6.6% | 4.0 | 502,148 | |
| Călărași | 13.0 | +6.3% | 3.5 | 292,268 | |
| Suceava | 13.7 | −1.1% | 4.5 | 764,944 | |
| Ialomița | 13.8 | +2.0% | 4.3 | 273,952 | |
| Teleorman | 14.1 | +2.0% | 4.0 | 337,649 | |
| Vrancea | 14.4 | +1.2% | 3.2 | 368,712 | |
| Tulcea | 14.7 | +3.8% | 4.8 | 219,773 | |
| Buzău | 15.1 | +2.4% | 5.8 | 435,794 | |
| Botoșani | 15.3 | +2.6% | 5.4 | 458,136 | |
| Bacău | 16.2 | +2.4% | 3.7 | 710,607 | |
| Neamț | 16.3 | +6.1% | 4.3 | 543,946 | |
| Satu Mare | 16.6 | +0.9% | 4.8 | 377,103 | |
| Bistrița-Năsăud | 16.7 | +5.7% | 4.1 | 322,854 | |
| Caraș-Severin | 17.3 | −1.1% | 4.1 | 297,921 | |
| Prahova | 17.9 | +3.0% | 5.0 | 751,471 | |
| Brăila | 17.9 | +0.6% | 6.8 | 317,466 | |
| Covasna | 19.1 | +2.1% | 3.5 | 220,382 | |
| Sălaj | 19.4 | +1.1% | 4.4 | 237,049 | |
| Maramureș | 19.9 | +1.9% | 4.7 | 507,596 | |
| Harghita | 20.0 | +0.8% | 4.1 | 322,941 | |
| Olt | 20.0 | +5.3% | 2.9 | 406,522 | |
| Mehedinți | 20.2 | +2.6% | 4.5 | 264,314 | |
| Alba | 20.6 | +4.5% | 4.4 | 361,936 | |
| Gorj | 22.8 | +3.7% | 4.6 | 339,212 | |
| Vâlcea | 23.0 | +8.7% | 6.3 | 382,900 | |
| Galați | 23.7 | +16.2% | 5.8 | 618,077 | |
| Ilfov | 25.6 | +7.9% | 3.9 | 531,767 | |
| Argeș | 25.7 | −0.4% | 6.5 | 606,866 | |
| Hunedoara | 28.4 | +2.4% | 4.6 | 426,217 | |
| Arad | 31.6 | +5.1% | 4.5 | 458,773 | |
| Sibiu | 33.8 | −1.0% | 4.2 | 468,008 | |
| Brașov | 36.9 | +5.8% | 4.2 | 643,688 | |
| Bihor | 42.7 | −1.0% | 5.4 | 608,621 | |
| Constanța | 44.1 | +15.9% | 5.9 | 745,853 | |
| Iași | 53.3 | +4.8% | 4.6 | 989,825 | |
| Dolj | 57.4 | +2.1% | 5.9 | 663,811 | |
| Mureș | 57.9 | +7.0% | 5.5 | 576,479 | |
| Cluj | 59.7 | −1.6% | 3.9 | 745,520 | |
| Timiș | 80.7 | +1.9% | 4.2 | 764,309 | |
| București | 92.6 | +7.9% | 4.5 | 2,124,150 |
County totals from the INS county tables for 2025, divided by the county’s population on 1 January 2025 (the sum of its localities). The municipality of Bucharest counts as one county, as INS counts it. Pharmacies and drug points are counted together, because counties record them in different proportions.
Sector
From public to private units#
INS splits doctors by the ownership of the unit they work in, public or private. In 64 localities with at least six doctors in 2004, the share of doctors in public units fell by at least 40 percentage points by 2024, while the total number of doctors stayed at 70% or more of the 2004 total. In 27 of them no doctor worked in a public unit any more in 2024; in seven, all doctors worked in public units in 2004 and none in 2024. The data do not show whether they were the same doctors.
- 1commune, Brașov county100% to 0%7 doctors in 2004, 5 in 2024
- 2commune, Constanța county100% to 0%6 doctors in 2004, 8 in 2024
- 3town, Mureș county100% to 0%6 doctors in 2004, 7 in 2024
- 4town, Mureș county100% to 0%10 doctors in 2004, 7 in 2024
- 5commune, Prahova county100% to 0%6 doctors in 2004, 6 in 2024
- 6commune, Prahova county100% to 0%7 doctors in 2004, 7 in 2024
- 7commune, Timiș county100% to 0%6 doctors in 2004, 5 in 2024
- 8town, Bihor county100% to 8%8 doctors in 2004, 12 in 2024
- 9town, Arad county90% to 0%10 doctors in 2004, 8 in 2024
- 10commune, Ilfov county100% to 11%16 doctors in 2004, 27 in 2024
The first value is the share of doctors working in public units in 2004, the second in 2024; under each name is the total number of doctors in the same years.
Hubs
Small localities with many registered doctors#
22 localities with fewer than 4,000 residents have at least six registered doctors and at least 25 per 10,000 residents. In 18 of them the rate falls to 55% of its own value or less once the doctors and residents of the direct neighbours are added. INS counts a doctor at the unit where their main job is, so the rate shows where doctors are registered, not the area they serve.
- 1commune, Argeș county68.9 and 11.81,597 residents
- 2commune, Cluj county62.2 and 8.81,287 residents
- 3commune, Buzău county60.4 and 11.22,154 residents
- 4commune, Buzău county57.6 and 9.13,472 residents
- 5commune, Argeș county65.7 and 18.03,197 residents
- 6town, Bihor county60.2 and 16.71,995 residents
- 7commune, Timiș county60.8 and 19.03,786 residents
- 8commune, Călărași county62.1 and 24.92,416 residents
The first value is the locality’s own rate of doctors per 10,000 residents in 2024; the second is the rate over the locality plus its direct neighbours, with their doctors added.
Method and sources
Where the numbers come from#
A locality here is a commune, a town or a city, not a village: a commune usually has several villages. All data come from TEMPO-Online, the database of INS, Romania’s National Institute of Statistics. The locality series for all 3,181 localities were downloaded on the night of 8 to 9 September 2026; drug points, practices and county totals were downloaded on 3 October 2026. The latest year of each layer, by locality and by county, is in the table at the top of the page.
- Medical staff (doctors, family doctors as a subgroup, dentists), by form of ownership: SAN104B, 1990–2024, by locality; SAN104A, by county and country, up to 2025.
- Health units (hospitals, pharmacies, drug points, practices, dispensaries, health centres): SAN101B, by locality, with hospitals up to 2025 and the other categories up to 2024; SAN101A, by county and country, up to 2025.
- Inpatient hospital beds: SAN102C, 1990–2025, by locality.
- Population by domicile on 1 January: POP107D, 1992–2026. It covers people with Romanian citizenship and a domicile in the locality, whoever actually lives there. In 2024 that was 21.8 million, against 19.05 million usual residents at the 2021 census; divided by the census resident population, the national rates would be about 15% higher, the difference varying from one locality to the next.
On the map, a practice is a unit in the categories family medical practices, general-medicine practices, civil medical partnerships (family), medical dispensaries and health centres (multifunctional ones included), or at least one family doctor registered in the locality. INS does not count among practices those inside polyclinics or other units; a registered family doctor covers these cases. Specialist practices, ambulatories, polyclinics and hospitals, dental practices, laboratories and school practices are not part of this definition. Drug points are a separate category from pharmacies in INS statistics and, since 2009, include drugstores; they count here as a place where medicines are sold, not necessarily on prescription. Localities with no practice had neither a unit in these categories nor a family doctor registered there in 2024.
INS registers medical staff once, at the unit where their main job is. In the three SAN tables a missing year in a locality’s series means zero for that year. Family doctors have been registered separately since 2003 by locality (2000 in the county table) and dentists since 1993; before those years the category was not tracked, so it does not appear on the charts. Eight localities are missing from one or both sets of INS tables (Adășeni, Augustin, Bereni, Bătrâna, Ciceu-Mihăiești, Dalnic, Leliceni, Spulber): the map shows them without data and the numbers in the text exclude them.
A locality’s rate is the number of people or units divided by its population by domicile in the same year, on 1 January, times 10,000. County totals for 2025 are divided by the population on 1 January 2025. For 2024, localities added up by county match INS’s own county rows: 74,402 doctors, 12,600 family doctors, 21,272 dentists, 8,402 pharmacies and 1,589 drug points.
The 2004–2024 comparison by locality, the lists of localities that had a doctor between 2004 and 2022 and none in 2023 and 2024, and the list of localities with no pharmacy, drug point or hospital all require a locality with a registered population before 1994, so that a commune created in 2003–2006 is not mistaken for a real desert. The threshold of six doctors in 2004, used for the move from public to private, excludes cases where one doctor registered at a unit of the other kind would shift the share by 100 points. Hub localities need 25 or more doctors per 10,000 residents and fewer than 4,000 residents; neighbours are localities that share a border, computed from the geometry of the administrative units.
The distance to the nearest locality that has a service is the straight line between the centres of two localities, the centre being the centroid of its area. It is not the road distance and ignores relief. Practices and pharmacies are those of 2024, hospitals those of 2025.
The outlines of the 3,181 administrative units come from the dataset “UAT, România (poligon)”, published by the geo-spatial.org community from data of Romania’s National Agency for Cadastre and Land Registration, version of 26 March 2025, under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence. The six sectors of Bucharest were merged, because INS publishes data only for the municipality. The geometry is simplified for display and has no cadastral value. Data and outlines were matched by each locality’s SIRUTA code, the national code of administrative units.
The numbers describe what is registered in a locality. A patient may see a doctor in the next town, and a doctor may be registered in a locality without living there. Commuting, the concentration of doctors in towns and the move from state to private employment may explain part of the pattern, but the data do not measure them directly.