Maize and potatoes link Romania’s food to the Americas
Maize is linked to Central America and Mexico, potatoes to the Andes. Explore the regions of diversity of the crops that feed us.
The crop atlas
Choose a crop. See the regions that connect it to the world.
Leading crops
Bars show each crop’s share of crop calories.
Romania · 2009–2011
Maize
12.3%of crop calories
Primary regions of diversity
- 1Central America and Mexico
Markers indicate approximate diversity regions, without defining their boundaries. They do not show growing locations or the provenance of imports.
Beyond the selected crops
The share of calories associated with crops whose diversity regions lie outside the country’s regions.
For Romania, the average 2009–2011 range is 83.3–90.3%.
The interval midpoint, 86.8%, is 21.0 percentage points above the 177-country mean of 65.8%.
Romania’s data, crop by crop
- Wheat 38.2% of crop calories Central Asia · West Asia · Southern and eastern Mediterranean
- Maize 12.3% of crop calories Central America and Mexico
- Sunflower 11.3% of crop calories North America
- Sugar 8.6% of crop calories South Asia · Southeast Asia · Northeastern Europe · Southeastern Europe · Northwestern Europe · Southwestern Europe · Southern and eastern Mediterranean
- Potatoes 7.0% of crop calories Andean South America
- Barley 4.5% of crop calories Central Asia · West Asia · Southern and eastern Mediterranean
- All other crops 18.1% of crop calories
The atlas shows the six crop groups supplying the most calories. The remainder combines the other 47 groups.
What a region of diversity means
A primary region of diversity combines evidence about initial domestication, variation accumulated over time, and the richness of a crop's wild relatives. A crop can have several such regions.
The map shows relationships in the biological history of crops. Present-day farms, sellers, and trade routes sit outside this measure.
How much plant-based food is linked to other regions
Across the 177 countries in the study, the average share tied to crops with primary regions of diversity outside the country's regions was:
- Calories
- 65.8%
- Protein
- 66.6%
- Fat
- 73.7%
- Food weight
- 68.7%
Mean across the four measures: 68.7%.
The crops feeding a country often owe their diversity to several regions of the world.
What the percentage includes and why it has a range
The study covered 177 countries representing 98.5% of the world's population and used 2009–2011 averages from FAO food balance sheets. National food supply estimates the amount available for consumption after accounting for production, imports, exports, stock changes, and non-food uses. Individual meals can look different.
Each country's interval reflects the 11 crop groups left without an assigned primary region of diversity. The upper bound treats them as wholly foreign; the lower bound assumes that their regions include the country's regions. Bars show each crop’s share of total crop calories. Map markers indicate approximate locations of the regions assigned by the study.
See the ranges for all 177 countries
| Country | Range | Interval midpoint |
|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | 19.4–22.2% | 20.8% |
| Albania | 76.0–86.8% | 81.4% |
| Algeria | 23.1–28.5% | 25.8% |
| Angola | 86.6–91.6% | 89.1% |
| Antigua & Barbuda | 79.0–99.6% | 89.3% |
| Argentina | 94.0–99.7% | 96.8% |
| Armenia | 18.6–32.0% | 25.3% |
| Australia | 91.8–100.0% | 95.9% |
| Austria | 69.7–81.6% | 75.7% |
| Azerbaijan | 21.5–31.5% | 26.5% |
| Bahamas | 68.7–99.9% | 84.3% |
| Bangladesh | 18.7–21.2% | 19.9% |
| Barbados | 90.2–99.8% | 95.0% |
| Belarus | 70.5–83.5% | 77.0% |
| Belgium | 71.5–81.2% | 76.3% |
| Belize | 73.8–85.2% | 79.5% |
| Benin | 50.5–53.9% | 52.2% |
| Bermuda | 74.3–98.8% | 86.6% |
| Bolivia | 81.7–87.1% | 84.4% |
| Bosnia & Herzegovina | 79.2–93.3% | 86.3% |
| Botswana | 76.0–87.2% | 81.6% |
| Brazil | 88.6–92.1% | 90.3% |
| Brunei | 40.8–54.2% | 47.5% |
| Bulgaria | 80.2–87.3% | 83.7% |
| Burkina Faso | 39.0–47.8% | 43.4% |
| Cambodia | 17.6–20.4% | 19.0% |
| Cameroon | 66.2–72.4% | 69.3% |
| Canada | 87.6–98.0% | 92.8% |
| Cape Verde | 65.5–74.5% | 70.0% |
| Central African Republic | 80.7–86.4% | 83.6% |
| Chad | 38.9–54.0% | 46.4% |
| Chile | 87.9–94.1% | 91.0% |
| China | 47.2–59.8% | 53.5% |
| Colombia | 74.0–78.0% | 76.0% |
| Congo - Brazzaville | 76.2–81.1% | 78.7% |
| Costa Rica | 76.4–83.3% | 79.8% |
| Côte d’Ivoire | 42.6–48.1% | 45.4% |
| Croatia | 69.3–80.6% | 74.9% |
| Cuba | 93.9–98.9% | 96.4% |
| Cyprus | 29.8–42.8% | 36.3% |
| Czechia | 78.0–85.1% | 81.5% |
| Denmark | 65.8–77.3% | 71.6% |
| Djibouti | 88.7–94.6% | 91.6% |
| Dominica | 83.0–94.3% | 88.6% |
| Dominican Republic | 92.4–99.6% | 96.0% |
| Ecuador | 78.1–82.5% | 80.3% |
| Egypt | 44.7–48.5% | 46.6% |
| El Salvador | 53.4–59.7% | 56.6% |
| Estonia | 65.7–83.3% | 74.5% |
| Eswatini | 87.6–98.7% | 93.2% |
| Ethiopia | 63.3–78.8% | 71.0% |
| Fiji | 80.2–84.4% | 82.3% |
| Finland | 74.2–83.5% | 78.8% |
| France | 69.4–79.3% | 74.3% |
| French Polynesia | 81.6–93.2% | 87.4% |
| Gabon | 77.5–82.5% | 80.0% |
| Gambia | 38.1–43.3% | 40.7% |
| Georgia | 26.6–33.8% | 30.2% |
| Germany | 70.2–83.1% | 76.7% |
| Ghana | 65.8–68.3% | 67.0% |
| Greece | 64.6–75.0% | 69.8% |
| Grenada | 77.4–98.5% | 87.9% |
| Guatemala | 50.1–55.3% | 52.7% |
| Guinea | 41.7–50.3% | 46.0% |
| Guinea-Bissau | 36.6–41.7% | 39.2% |
| Guyana | 88.0–96.3% | 92.1% |
| Haiti | 91.5–99.5% | 95.5% |
| Honduras | 45.8–51.1% | 48.4% |
| Hong Kong SAR China | 47.8–67.1% | 57.5% |
| Hungary | 76.3–91.8% | 84.0% |
| Iceland | 66.0–77.0% | 71.5% |
| India | 42.5–46.9% | 44.7% |
| Indonesia | 34.2–37.7% | 35.9% |
| Iran | 39.4–48.5% | 43.9% |
| Iraq | 42.1–45.3% | 43.7% |
| Ireland | 77.1–87.7% | 82.4% |
| Israel | 32.2–42.0% | 37.1% |
| Italy | 69.8–77.5% | 73.6% |
| Jamaica | 88.5–97.7% | 93.1% |
| Japan | 49.2–62.2% | 55.7% |
| Jordan | 29.6–32.6% | 31.1% |
| Kazakhstan | 48.4–56.9% | 52.6% |
| Kenya | 91.3–96.3% | 93.8% |
| Kiribati | 58.2–61.5% | 59.8% |
| Kuwait | 58.6–65.4% | 62.0% |
| Kyrgyzstan | 41.5–49.0% | 45.3% |
| Laos | 19.2–26.6% | 22.9% |
| Latvia | 70.8–82.5% | 76.6% |
| Lebanon | 27.8–39.5% | 33.7% |
| Lesotho | 92.8–96.7% | 94.8% |
| Liberia | 35.0–38.8% | 36.9% |
| Libya | 27.0–33.1% | 30.1% |
| Lithuania | 74.0–85.9% | 80.0% |
| Luxembourg | 71.7–92.8% | 82.2% |
| Macao SAR China | 54.8–71.5% | 63.1% |
| Madagascar | 97.1–100.0% | 98.5% |
| Malawi | 91.3–93.9% | 92.6% |
| Malaysia | 40.3–47.5% | 43.9% |
| Maldives | 36.0–47.6% | 41.8% |
| Mali | 29.7–35.5% | 32.6% |
| Malta | 20.2–33.9% | 27.0% |
| Mauritania | 63.7–65.2% | 64.4% |
| Mauritius | 95.3–100.0% | 97.6% |
| Mexico | 44.2–51.5% | 47.9% |
| Moldova | 82.1–89.5% | 85.8% |
| Mongolia | 83.2–91.4% | 87.3% |
| Montenegro | 72.7–89.4% | 81.1% |
| Morocco | 22.6–27.2% | 24.9% |
| Mozambique | 89.2–91.2% | 90.2% |
| Myanmar (Burma) | 28.7–33.7% | 31.2% |
| Namibia | 78.9–83.9% | 81.4% |
| Nepal | 45.1–55.0% | 50.0% |
| Netherlands | 69.2–77.7% | 73.5% |
| New Caledonia | 81.9–96.0% | 89.0% |
| New Zealand | 87.2–100.0% | 93.6% |
| Nicaragua | 55.4–59.0% | 57.2% |
| Niger | 18.3–21.9% | 20.1% |
| Nigeria | 40.5–49.3% | 44.9% |
| North Korea | 45.7–54.4% | 50.1% |
| North Macedonia | 75.4–83.5% | 79.4% |
| Norway | 74.6–84.1% | 79.4% |
| Pakistan | 45.8–48.9% | 47.4% |
| Palestinian Territories | 21.2–32.4% | 26.8% |
| Panama | 83.8–89.4% | 86.6% |
| Paraguay | 76.8–80.8% | 78.8% |
| Peru | 71.5–77.2% | 74.3% |
| Philippines | 21.4–28.6% | 25.0% |
| Poland | 75.1–82.0% | 78.6% |
| Portugal | 71.4–81.9% | 76.6% |
| Romania | 83.3–90.3% | 86.8% |
| Russia | 74.5–82.1% | 78.3% |
| Rwanda | 84.5–93.3% | 88.9% |
| Samoa | 52.2–58.6% | 55.4% |
| São Tomé & Príncipe | 80.0–85.6% | 82.8% |
| Saudi Arabia | 54.1–60.8% | 57.5% |
| Senegal | 50.5–53.2% | 51.9% |
| Serbia | 73.5–85.4% | 79.4% |
| Sierra Leone | 30.7–37.3% | 34.0% |
| Slovakia | 71.5–82.3% | 76.9% |
| Slovenia | 80.4–88.6% | 84.5% |
| Solomon Islands | 76.2–80.9% | 78.5% |
| Somalia | 74.6–77.0% | 75.8% |
| South Africa | 95.1–99.2% | 97.2% |
| South Korea | 38.4–54.7% | 46.6% |
| Spain | 65.3–71.1% | 68.2% |
| Sri Lanka | 18.9–21.4% | 20.2% |
| St Kitts & Nevis | 81.2–98.6% | 89.9% |
| St Lucia | 89.3–99.1% | 94.2% |
| St Vincent & the Grenadines | 80.1–97.4% | 88.8% |
| Sudan | 45.9–52.0% | 48.9% |
| Suriname | 91.9–97.9% | 94.9% |
| Sweden | 71.7–81.3% | 76.5% |
| Switzerland | 64.1–75.5% | 69.8% |
| Syria | 23.9–29.7% | 26.8% |
| Taiwan | 42.9–56.0% | 49.5% |
| Tajikistan | 36.1–41.4% | 38.7% |
| Tanzania | 86.0–91.7% | 88.8% |
| Thailand | 21.9–31.1% | 26.5% |
| Timor-Leste | 53.7–57.2% | 55.5% |
| Togo | 59.1–62.1% | 60.6% |
| Trinidad & Tobago | 90.7–98.9% | 94.8% |
| Tunisia | 18.3–25.5% | 21.9% |
| Türkiye | 30.5–36.8% | 33.6% |
| Turkmenistan | 25.2–30.5% | 27.9% |
| Uganda | 83.8–90.7% | 87.2% |
| Ukraine | 73.3–82.0% | 77.7% |
| United Arab Emirates | 49.9–58.2% | 54.0% |
| United Kingdom | 76.1–82.4% | 79.3% |
| United States | 82.6–98.5% | 90.5% |
| Uruguay | 91.5–99.5% | 95.5% |
| Uzbekistan | 27.7–35.7% | 31.7% |
| Vanuatu | 54.7–59.9% | 57.3% |
| Venezuela | 89.8–93.5% | 91.6% |
| Vietnam | 18.3–26.0% | 22.1% |
| Yemen | 46.5–50.2% | 48.3% |
| Zambia | 93.0–97.0% | 95.0% |
| Zimbabwe | 89.7–94.0% | 91.8% |