FORENSIC DOSSIER · PNRR C7 & SICAP Published: 31 August 2026 · Author: Marius Comper

The Invisible Architecture of Romania's Sovereign Cloud

Inside 136 State Databases, SRI, STS, and the €1M Citizen Shield

RO EN
01 · CORE FINDINGS

Six Pillars of the Sovereign Cloud Investigation

A synthesis of findings derived from public procurement contracts, the statutory architecture of OUG 89/2022, and the national interoperability framework.

01

136 Core State Registries Consolidated Under One Roof

Romania's Sovereign Government Cloud (CPG) centralizes 136 primary public databases—spanning identity (DEPABD), bank accounts and taxes (ANAF), health records (CNAS), property deeds (ANCPI), and criminal records (Ministry of Justice).

02

The Budget Gap: 668M RON for SRI Cyber Defense vs. 4.7M RON for Citizen Alerts

While critical cybersecurity (operated by SRI UM 0296) received a 668M RON PNRR contract and application migration reached 243.8M RON, the citizen-facing access logging and notification platform was awarded at just 4.7M RON (0.3% of the total).

03

Legal Blindspots: Secret Queries That Cannot Be Notified

Under Emergency Ordinance OUG 89/2022 (Art. 14) and Decision HG 372/2022, queries performed for national security, defense, public order, or criminal prosecution (SRI, DGPI, SIE, DNA, DIICOT) are strictly exempt from notifying the affected citizen.

04

The 3-Ring Architecture Across 4 Sovereign Data Nodes

The infrastructure is partitioned into three concentric security rings: Ring 1 Dedicated (physically isolated, run by STS, defended by SRI), Ring 2 Private Gov, and Ring 3 Hybrid Edge, across 4 primary data hubs: Bucharest, Brașov, Sibiu, and Timișoara.

05

Vendor Concentration: One Group Wins 58.7% of Migration Work

Across the 20 subsequent contracts awarded under the 743M RON migration framework (totaling 243.8M RON), Connections Consult secured lots 19 and 20, capturing 143.03 million RON.

06

The 31 August 2026 Milestone Cliff vs. Operational Reality

While the EU RRF / PNRR milestone deadline hit on 31 August 2026, dozens of municipal registries remain trapped on legacy servers, and row-level access logging shims remain incomplete across legacy state software.

02 · SCALE & MONEY TRAIL

The €500M Sovereign Infrastructure in Numbers

Primary data from SICAP procurement records and EU Recovery and Resilience Facility (PNRR) Component 7 budgets.

136
Databases & state applications mapped
Identified in CPG migration tenders and national interoperability catalog
22
Ministries & central authorities connected
From Interior, Finance, and Justice to Health, Labor, and Security
668 mil. lei
SRI / UM 0296 cyber defense contract
SICAP tender 100636614 (PNRR Investment I12) — 120,000–140,000 endpoints
243,8 mil. lei
Value of 20 app migration subcontracts
Awarded under ADR's 743M RON framework agreement (SICAP 100645720)
4,71 mil. lei
Citizen access logging & notification platform
Contract SICAP 100632251 awarded to Orange Romania (0.3% of CPG spend)
4 noduri
Sovereign data centers on STS dark fiber
Bucharest (Băneasa), Brașov, Sibiu, Timișoara

The Budget Disparity: Cyber Defense vs. Citizen Notification

Out of roughly 954 million RON awarded across primary Cloud components, the citizen logging safeguard received under 0.5%.

SRI / UM 0296 Critical Cyber Shield

668.000.866 lei (69,8%)

SICAP 100636614 · Logic Computer & Digi

20 App Migration Subcontracts

243.807.248 lei (25,5%)

SICAP 100645720 · Connections (58,7%), Maguay, NTT

STS Enterprise Cloud Licenses

37.570.232 lei (3,9%)

SICAP 100648317 · ASEE Solutions

Citizen Access Logging & Alerts

4.707.860 lei (0,5%)

SICAP 100632251 · Orange Romania

03 · SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

The Three Concentric Rings of Romanian Sovereign Data

Established under Government Emergency Ordinance OUG 89/2022 and Technical Decision HG 372/2022.

Ring 1 28 databases

Ring 1 · Dedicated Sovereign Core

STS (Special Telecom Service) & SRI (National Cyberint Center / UM 0296)

Dedicated hardware infrastructure, physically and logically isolated. Hosts national security, defense, public order, classified data, and primary national identity registers.

Legal Basis: OUG 89/2022 Art. 4 alin. (2), HG 372/2022
Standards: TEMPEST, NATO Secret / EU Secret ready, Criptografie certificată STS
Encryption: Hardware Security Modules (HSM) dedicate, chei administrate exclusiv de STS
Ring 2 84 databases

Ring 2 · Private Government Cloud (Administration)

ADR (Authority for Digitalization of Romania) with STS technical support

High-availability virtualized environment on sovereign servers. Hosts administrative state databases: taxes (ANAF), healthcare (CNAS), civil justice (ECRIS), labor (REVISAL), land cadastre (ANCPI).

Legal Basis: OUG 89/2022 Art. 4 alin. (3), PNRR Componenta 7
Standards: ISO 27001, Tier III / Tier IV uptime, Jurnalizare centralizată CPG
Encryption: TLS 1.3 / AES-256 la stocare, shimming de audit prin platforma Orange
Ring 3 24 databases

Ring 3 · Hybrid Cloud & Public Edge

ADR & Audited Commercial Hyperscalers (AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud, Oracle)

Unclassified public digital services, citizen information portals, elastic compute for research, open government data distribution, and consular web services.

Legal Basis: OUG 89/2022 Art. 5, Regulamentul UE Cloud Soveran
Standards: EUCS High, ISO 27017/27018, Criptare end-to-end client-side
Encryption: Enclave securizate, date anonimizate sau agregate fără acces direct la CNP
04 · PHYSICAL TOPOLOGY

Four Sovereign Data Center Nodes Connected by STS Fiber

High-availability, Tier III+ and Tier IV ready computing hubs ensuring national disaster recovery.

București (Băneasa)

Central Management & Sovereign Compute Hub
Classification: Tier IV Ready
Operator: STS HQ
Status: Operational
4x 100Gbps DWDM ring STS, legături directe Cyberint & Guvern

Brașov

Active-Active Regional Processing Hub
Classification: Tier III+
Operator: STS Brașov
Status: Operational / PNRR Expansion
Inel optic carpatin redundant, latență <3.2ms față de București

Sibiu

Disaster Recovery & Data Vault Hub
Classification: Tier III+
Operator: STS Sibiu
Status: Operational
Backbone transilvănean izolat, backup sincron pentru Inelul 1

Timișoara

Western Gateway & Distributed Backup Hub
Classification: Tier III+
Operator: STS Timiș
Status: Under Technical Finalization
Interconectare directă noduri europene & securitate de frontieră
05 · INTERACTIVE TRACEABILITY ENGINE

Simulator: Who Queries Your Data When the State Checks You?

Select an authority inquiry to observe cross-database paths, audit logging, and legal notification outcomes under OUG 89/2022.

SCENARIUL SIM-ANAF

Inspector Antifraudă ANAF

Verificarea veniturilor nedeclarate și a patrimoniului.

Cross-Cloud Data Route:
Inspector → SPV → RNEP → e-Terra → Conturi
⚠️
EXCEPTATĂ / BLOCATĂ PRIN LEGE
Statutory Exemption OUG 89/2022 Art. 14
06 · COMPLETE STATE CATALOG

The 136 State Databases Ingested into the Sovereign Cloud

Search and filter all public registries by domain, sensitivity tier, security ring, or specific personal data held.

Showing 136 of 136 public registries Click any card for technical specifications
DB-01 · RNEP Critic

National Population Registry

Valul 1 (Prioritar)
Personal numeric code (CNP)namesbirth date/place
DB-02 · E-PASAPOARTE Critic

Electronic Passport & Biometric Travel Document Registry

Valul 1 (Prioritar)
Digital fingerprintsbiometric facial imageelectronic signature
DB-03 · RNEC Critic

National Register of Romanian Citizenship

Valul 2 (Intermediar)
Citizenship reacquisition filesancestry verificationsnaturalization decrees
DB-04 · RNSC Critic

National Integrated Civil Status Registry

Valul 1 (Prioritar)
Birthmarriagedeath certificates
DB-05 · PATRIMVEN Sensibil

PatrimVen — Integrated Wealth & Income Registry

Valul 1 (Prioritar)
Monthly wagesdividend incomerent
DB-06 · SPV Sensibil

Virtual Private Space — Taxpayer Communication Portal

Valul 1 (Prioritar)
Official tax assessmentspayment summonstax compliance certificates
DB-07 · CONTURI-IBAN Critic

Central Electronic Register of Bank & Payment Accounts

Valul 1 (Prioritar)
All IBAN accounts opened under citizen CNP or company fiscal IDsafety deposit boxesauthorized signatories
DB-08 · E-FACTURA Sensibil

National RO e-Factura & SAF-T Audit System

Valul 2 (Intermediar)
All invoices issued under fiscal ID / CNPB2B and B2C commercial transactionsdetailed accounting ledgers
DB-09 · E-TRANSPORT Sensibil

RO e-Transport — High-Risk Cargo Tracking System

Valul 2 (Intermediar)
Freight transport routesvehiclesdrivers
DB-10 · SIUI Sensibil

Unique Integrated Health Insurance Information System

Valul 1 (Prioritar)
Insured statusfamily physicianreimbursed medical procedures
DB-11 · DES Sensibil

National Electronic Health Record (EHR v2)

Valul 1 (Prioritar)
Complete medical historydrug allergieschronic conditions
DB-12 · PIAS Sensibil

Health Insurance Operational Platform (Card & e-Prescription)

Valul 1 (Prioritar)
National Health Card swipe logselectronic prescriptions dispensed at pharmaciessick leaves
07 · MIGRATION NETWORK

The 20 Migration Subcontracts (243.8 Million RON Awarded)

Itemized breakdown of the subsequent contracts awarded under ADR framework tender SICAP 100645720.

# Notice No. Winning Contractors Scope of Work Days-Man Value (RON)
1 CAN1155065/1 MAGUAY COMPUTERS, PHOENIX IT Legacy x86 architecture migration, Oracle/SQL database clustering 3.840 3.027.040,00
2 CAN1155065/2 PricewaterhouseCoopers Management Consultants Government app compatibility audit and cloud architecture design 3.200 3.023.882,25
3 CAN1155065/3 SC Evozon Systems SRL Microservices containerization and REST API refactoring for public portals 1.680 1.334.830,00
4 CAN1155065/4 NTT DATA ROMANIA Financial management systems and administrative ERP migration 2.500 2.117.020,00
5 CAN1155065/5 ENDAVA ROMANIA Source code optimization and sovereign secure CI/CD pipeline rollout 1.950 1.607.473,90
6 CAN1155065/6 METAMINDS, TRENCADIS CORP, ONE SOFTWARE, EASYDO Digital Technologies National interoperability registry integration and middleware hardening 4.200 3.719.842,50
7 CAN1155065/7 ALTIMATE Geospatial and GIS data system migration for territorial management 1.200 994.330,00
8 CAN1155065/8 WING LEADING EDGE Source code security assessment and pre-migration vulnerability auditing 1.450 1.237.373,12
9 CAN1155065/9 WING LEADING EDGE Penetration testing and application hardening for Level 2 classification 1.380 1.174.840,30
10 CAN1155065/10 AROBS SYSTEMS SRL, CLOUD SOFT, Software Imagination & Vision Educational registry and academic database module migration 1.300 1.059.068,75
11 CAN1155065/11 MAGUAY COMPUTERS, PHOENIX IT Distributed storage configuration and synchronous backup across CPG nodes 1.100 892.594,00
12 CAN1155065/12 WING LEADING EDGE GDPR compliance reports and personal data traceability auditing 1.150 976.780,00
13 CAN1155065/13 PHOENIX IT, MAGUAY COMPUTERS Major critical infrastructure migration package: servers, SAN, virtualization 38.500 66.377.700,00
14 CAN1155065/14 PricewaterhouseCoopers Management Consultants Change management, technical assistance, and SOP development for ministries 1.800 1.564.220,00
15 CAN1155065/15 NTT DATA ROMANIA High-volume transactional database migration and high-speed clustering 4.100 3.692.420,00
16 CAN1155065/16 WING LEADING EDGE Application security monitoring and Cyberint standards compliance 1.750 1.534.023,33
17 CAN1155065/17 SQS BUSINESS SERVICES S.R.L., SIQSESS TECHNOLOGY S.R.L. Automated performance and scalability testing of cloud service interfaces 4.300 3.962.150,00
18 CAN1155065/18 SIQSESS TECHNOLOGY S.R.L., SQS BUSINESS SERVICES S.R.L. Integrated dataflow auditing and transfer protocol validation 2.800 2.477.660,00
19 CAN1155065/19 Connections Consult Major Migration Package 1: large-scale central administration app migration 52.000 99.146.000,00
20 CAN1155065/20 Connections Consult Major Migration Package 2: optimization, integration, and CPG go-live 24.500 43.888.000,00
TOTAL 20 SUBCONTRACTS AWARDED 155.600 243.807.248,15 lei
08 · EPISTEMIC AUDIT

Eight Calibrated Deductions with Sources & Counter-Hypotheses

Rigorously separating facts, procurement citations, analytical deductions, and potential falsification bounds.

01

SRI's 668M RON Cyber Defense Contract Points to a 120,000+ Protected Endpoint Fleet

„SRI (via UM 0929 and UM 0296) is not merely securing its own servers, but deploying an active cyber shield across all critical public nodes connected to CPG.”

Primary Source: SICAP Contract 100636614 / CAN1162528 (PNRR Component 7, Investment I12), 30 Jan 2026; winners Logic Computer & Digi Romania.

The 668,000,866 RON ex-VAT award and technical specifications for enterprise EDR/XDR and SIEM licenses cover 120,000–140,000 endpoints, confirming Ring 1 monitors the perimeter of all central administration.

Counter-Hypothesis / Falsification Condition: The contract could contain a large share of high-unit-cost hardware appliances (firewalls, cryptographic routers), lowering the actual number of individual protected endpoints below 80,000.
02

The 4.7M RON Notification Platform Is an Interface Layer, Not a Ground-Up Audit Engine for Legacy DBs

„The 4.7M RON allocated to Orange Romania is insufficient to retrofit row-level logging into 136 legacy apps; it pays for a message broker and unified web portal.”

Primary Source: SICAP Contract 100632251 / CAN1168843, 19 May 2026, ADR → ORANGE ROMANIA.

At 4.7M RON (~€940,000) across 136 applications, per-system budget would be under €7,000, proving the platform is a central event consumer relying on external API hooks provided by migration contractors.

Counter-Hypothesis / Falsification Condition: Internal database audit refactoring might be funded separately through the 243.8M RON migration contracts (SICAP 100645720), leaving Orange's platform purely as an aggregator and frontend.
03

Connections Consult Has Emerged as the Primary Private Integrator of Sovereign Cloud Applications

„By securing lots 19 and 20 (totaling 143.03M RON), a single corporate group holds 58.7% of all migration values awarded to date.”

Primary Source: SICAP award notice 100645720, subcontracts 19 (99.14M RON) and 20 (43.88M RON).

No other competitor in the 23-vendor framework received single awards of this magnitude; the next highest joint venture (Phoenix IT & Maguay) reached 66.37M RON on lot 13.

Counter-Hypothesis / Falsification Condition: Lots 19 and 20 may involve extensive subcontracting agreements to specialized local niche software vendors, meaning value is distributed rather than absorbed entirely by the prime contractor.
04

Ring 1 Isolates National Security Data Even from ADR Administrators in Ring 2

„CPG governance is strictly dual: ADR manages civilian ministry policies, but STS and SRI retain exclusive custody of encryption keys, access tokens, and Ring 1 physical nodes.”

Primary Source: Emergency Ordinance OUG 89/2022 Art. 4 and Government Decision HG 372/2022 technical norms.

The 3-ring statutory framework mandates that Ring 1 shares no compute or storage fabric with Ring 2; all cross-boundary communications pass through encrypted inspection gateways controlled by Cyberint.

Counter-Hypothesis / Falsification Condition: During disaster recovery or critical maintenance, STS may manage both rings from the Băneasa central operations facility, making separation logical at network layers rather than entirely physically segregated.
05

Without Fine-Grained API Hooks, Notifications Will Log Batch Access Rather Than Specific Field Audits

„When an authority queries citizen records, the alert will likely state that the general record was accessed, without distinguishing whether the agent viewed income, diagnosis, or just the address.”

Primary Source: Technical specifications, SICAP 100632251 (ADR Logging Platform Tender).

Most Romanian state databases built between 2000 and 2015 lack column-level logging, recording only table-level transactions (SELECT WHERE CNP=...).

Counter-Hypothesis / Falsification Condition: Modern interoperability standards enforced by ADR via central API Gateways may force data transformation into granular JSON schemas with attribute-level read permissions.
06

PatrimVen Acts as the Primary Financial Surveillance Node Inside CPG

„By consolidating bank accounts, wages, real estate, and vehicle titles, PatrimVen reconstructs the complete economic lifestyle of any Romanian citizen.”

Primary Source: Joint Ministry of Finance/ANAF Order and Inter-institutional Protocol on PatrimVen.

PatrimVen is queried daily by over 3,500 institutions (municipalities, courts, bailiffs, prosecutors, police), serving as the primary multi-domain personal data nexus.

Counter-Hypothesis / Falsification Condition: Access is strictly governed by named digital certificates, requiring a formal case docket number or statutory audit justification for every query.
07

Centralization Drastically Amplifies Systemic Blast Radius in Case of Cyber Breach

„Consolidating 136 registries into a single interconnected fabric means an identity or gateway breach threatens cascading compromise across all state branches.”

Primary Source: DNSC Technical Incident Report 2026 on Critical Infrastructure Attacks (ANCPI incident July 2026).

The July 2026 ANCPI ransomware attack demonstrated that lateral movement across unsegmented networks paralyzed national land registry for weeks; in CPG, microsegmentation is the sole defense.

Counter-Hypothesis / Falsification Condition: CPG infrastructure managed by STS features Zero Trust microsegmentation and Cyberint hardware EDR/XDR sandboxes far superior to legacy standalone ministerial servers.
08

The 4 Data Centers Guarantee Military-Grade Redundancy but Depend on the STS Fiber Backbone

„Geographic distribution across Bucharest, Brașov, Sibiu, and Timișoara shields the state against regional power failures or kinetic strikes on the capital.”

Primary Source: PNRR Component 7 Technical Specifications, Investment I1 — Sovereign Data Centers.

Sub-5ms latency between Bucharest and Brașov/Sibiu enables synchronous database replication for Ring 1, guaranteeing zero-data-loss continuity if a primary node collapses.

Counter-Hypothesis / Falsification Condition: Single points of failure could persist at mountain fiber transit chokepoints if backup conduits share adjacent physical rights-of-way.
09 · METHODOLOGY & SOURCES

Colophon, Data Integrity, and Privacy Guarantees

This public investigation was assembled using strictly public procurement registers (e-licitatie.ro / SICAP), Government Emergency Ordinances (OUG 89/2022), Government Decisions (HG 372/2022), and technical annexes published under Romania's National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR Component 7 - Digital Transformation).

Privacy & Zero Personal Data Guarantee: No actual personal citizen data is queried, stored, or processed on this website. All demonstrations, metrics, and simulations model the public administrative architecture and statutory access rules established by the Romanian state.