10 December on the globe: what happened in the world on this day, and who was born

The Nyköping Banquet: Birger, King of Sweden treacherously seizes his two brothers, dukes Valdemar and Erik, who are subsequently starved to death in the dungeon of Nyköping Castle.

The League of Cambrai is formed by Pope Julius II, Louis XII of France, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and Ferdinand II of Aragon as an alliance against Venice.

Martin Luther burns his copy of the papal bull Exsurge Domine outside Wittenberg's Elster Gate.

Thomas Culpeper and Francis Dereham are executed for having affairs with Catherine Howard, Queen of England and wife of Henry VIII.

Defeat at the Battle of Dungeness causes the Commonwealth of England to reform its navy.

The Royal Netherlands Marine Corps is founded by Michiel de Ruyter.

Isaac Newton's derivation of Kepler's laws from his theory of gravity, contained in the paper De motu corporum in gyrum, is read to the Royal Society by Edmond Halley.

The first edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica is published.

France adopts the metre as its official unit of length.

Mississippi becomes the 20th U.S. state.

Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte won France's first presidential election, and was elected as the first and only president of the French Second Republic.

American Civil War: The Confederate States of America accept a rival state government's pronouncement that declares Kentucky to be the 12th state of the Confederacy.

Forces led by Nguyễn Trung Trực, an anti-colonial guerrilla leader in southern Vietnam, sink the French lorcha L'Esperance.

American Civil War: Sherman's March to the Sea: Major General William Tecumseh Sherman's Union Army troops reach the outer Confederate defenses of Savannah, Georgia.

Russo-Turkish War: The Russian Army captures Plevna after a 5-month siege. The garrison of 25,000 surviving Turks surrenders. The Russian victory is decisive for the outcome of the war and the Liberation of Bulgaria.

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by American author Mark Twain was first published in the United Kingdom and Canada, two months earlier than in the US.

The New York World Building, the then-tallest building in the United States at a height of 110 meters, was completed in New York City.

Alfred Jarry's Ubu Roi premieres in Paris. A riot breaks out at the end of the performance.

Spanish–American War: The Treaty of Paris is signed, officially ending the conflict. Spain cedes administration of Cuba to the United States, and the United States agrees to pay Spain $20 million for the Philippines.

The first Nobel Prize ceremony is held in Stockholm on the fifth anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death.

The opening of the reservoir of the Aswan Dam in Egypt.

U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in the mediation of the Russo-Japanese War, becoming the first American to win a Nobel Prize in any field.

During the Brown Dog affair, protesters marched through London and clashed with police officers in Trafalgar Square over the existence of a memorial for animals that had been vivisected.

The worst night of the Brown Dog riots in London, when 1,000 medical students, protesting against the existence of a memorial for animals that have been vivisected, clash with 400 police officers.

Selma Lagerlöf becomes the first female writer to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Calbraith Perry Rodgers completed the first transcontinental flight across the United States.

Thailand becomes a constitutional monarchy.

The conclusion of the Emu War, after the Australian Government ordered the withdrawal of all Australian forces from the conflict.

Abdication Crisis: Edward VIII signs the Instrument of Abdication.

World War II: Battle of the Philippines: Imperial Japanese forces under the command of General Masaharu Homma land on Luzon.

World War II: The Royal Navy capital ships HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse are sunk by Imperial Japanese Navy torpedo bombers near British Malaya.

World War II: Government of Poland in exile send Raczyński's Note (the first official report on the Holocaust) to 26 governments who signed the Declaration by United Nations.

The Human Rights Convention is signed by the United Nations.

Chinese Civil War: The People's Liberation Army begins its siege of Chengdu, the last Kuomintang-held city in mainland China, forcing President of the Republic of China Chiang Kai-shek and his government to retreat to Taiwan.

British Prime Minister Winston Churchill receives the Nobel Prize in Literature.

An assassination attempt on the British High Commissioner in Aden kills two people and wounds dozens more.

Zanzibar gains independence from the United Kingdom as a constitutional monarchy, under Sultan Jamshid bin Abdullah.

Soul and blues singer, Otis Redding, along with members of his back-up group, The Bar-Kays, are killed when their helicopter crashes in Lake Monona in Madison, Wisconsin.

Japan's biggest heist, the still-unsolved "300 million yen robbery", is carried out in Tokyo.

Around the northern Thai village of Mae Salong, remnants of Chinese anti-communist forces now fighting on behalf of the Thai government launched a five-year campaign against local communist insurgents.

Arab–Israeli conflict: Prime Minister of Israel Menachem Begin and President of Egypt Anwar Sadat are jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

Kaohsiung Incident: Taiwanese pro-democracy demonstrations are suppressed by the KMT dictatorship, and organizers are arrested.

Democracy is restored in Argentina with the inauguration of President Raúl Alfonsín.

United Nations General Assembly recognizes the Convention against Torture.

Mongolian Revolution: At the country's first open pro-democracy public demonstration, Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj announces the establishment of the Mongolian Democratic Union.

Nursultan Nazarbayev is sworn in as the 1st President of Kazakhstan.

The Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic is renamed into the Republic of Kazakhstan.

The Nagorno-Karabakh independence referendum is held, with 99.98% voting in favor of independence.

Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan establishes the Marriage Fund in the United Arab Emirates in response to rising wedding prices.

The last shift leaves Wearmouth Colliery in Sunderland. The closure of the 156-year-old pit marks the end of the old County Durham coalfield, which had been in operation since the Middle Ages.

The video game Doom, later considered the "father" of the first-person shooter genre, is released.

Rwandan genocide: Maurice Baril, military advisor to the U.N. Secretary-General and head of the Military Division of the Department of Peacekeeping Operations, recommends that UNAMIR stand down.

The Israeli army withdraws from Nablus pursuant to the terms of Oslo Accord.

The new Constitution of South Africa is promulgated by Nelson Mandela.

Helen Clark is sworn in as Prime Minister of New Zealand, the second woman to hold the post and the first following an election.

Sosoliso Airlines Flight 1145 crashes at Port Harcourt International Airport in Nigeria, killing 108 people.

Palestinian minister Ziad Abu Ein is killed after the suppression of a demonstration by Israeli forces in the village (Turmus'ayya) in Ramallah.

Rojava conflict: The Syrian Democratic Council is established in Dêrik, forming the political wing of the Syrian Democratic Forces in northeast Syria.

Two explosions outside a football stadium in Istanbul, Turkey, kill 38 people and injure 166 others.

ISIL is defeated in Iraq.

The Ostrava hospital attack in the Czech Republic results in eight deaths, including the perpetrator.

A widespread, deadly, and violent tornado outbreak slams the Central, Midwestern, and Southern regions of the United States. Eighty-nine people are killed by the tornadoes, with most of the fatalities occurring in Kentucky, where a single tornado kills 57 people, and injures hundreds of others. Another tornado in Edwardsville, Illinois strikes an Amazon warehouse, killing six workers.

Emily Dickinson, American poet (died 1886)

Ada Lovelace, English mathematician and computer scientist (died 1852)

Nelly Sachs, German-Swedish poet and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1970)

Michael Clarke Duncan, American actor (died 2012)

Nikolay Nekrasov, Russian poet and critic (died 1877)

Gonzalo Higuaín, French-Argentinian footballer

Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi, German mathematician and academic (died 1851)

Kenneth Branagh, British actor director, producer, and screenwriter

Olivier Messiaen, French composer and ornithologist (died 1992)

Clarice Lispector, Ukrainian-Brazilian journalist and author (died 1977)

Adolf Loos, Austrian architect and theoretician (died 1933)

César Franck, Belgian organist and composer (died 1890)

George MacDonald, Scottish minister, author, and poet (died 1905)

Howard Martin Temin, American geneticist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1994)

Andris Bērziņš, Latvian businessman and politician, 8th President of Latvia

Sultan Kösen, Turkish farmer, tallest living person

Pierre Louÿs, Belgian-French author and poet (died 1925)

Victor McLaglen, English-American actor (died 1959)

Antonín Novotný, Czechoslovak politician, President of Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (died 1975)

Wilfried Bony, Ivorian footballer

C. Rajagopalachari, Indian lawyer and politician, 45th Governor-General of India (died 1972)

Cornelia Funke, German-American author

Lê Công Vinh, Vietnamese footballer

Otto Neurath, Austrian sociologist and philosopher (died 1945)

Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, English field marshal and politician, 17th Governor General of Canada (died 1969)

Neven Subotić, Serbian footballer

William Lloyd Garrison, American journalist and activist, founded The Liberator (died 1879)

Edith González, Mexican actress (died 2019)

Jeremie Frimpong, Dutch footballer

Melvil Dewey, American librarian, created the Dewey Decimal System (died 1931)

Brian Molko, British-Belgian singer-songwriter

Lucien Laurent, French footballer and coach (died 2005)

George Shaw, English botanist and zoologist (died 1813)

Dorothy Lamour, American actress and singer (died 1996)

Teyana Taylor, American singer, songwriter, choreographer, and actress

Mako Iwamatsu, Japanese actor (died 2006)

Charlie Adam, Scottish footballer

Marion Maréchal-Le Pen, French politician

Reiss Nelson, English footballer

Raven-Symoné, American actress, singer, and dancer

Rod Blagojevich, American lawyer and politician, 40th Governor of Illinois

Emmanuelle Chriqui, Canadian actress

Xavier Samuel, Australian actor

Meg White, American drummer

Michael Manley, Jamaican pilot and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Jamaica (died 1997)

Kyu Sakamoto, Japanese singer and actor (died 1985)

Adriaen van Ostade, Dutch painter (died 1685)

Dušan Bajević, Bosnian footballer and manager

David Perdue, American politician

Gabriela Spanic, Venezuelan actress

Giovanni Messe, Italian field marshal and politician (died 1968)

Fionnula Flanagan, Irish actress and producer

John Boozman, American football player, lawyer, and politician

Sarah Chang, American violinist

László Bárdossy, Hungarian politician and diplomat, 33rd Prime Minister of Hungary (died 1946)

Josip Skoko, Australian footballer

Melissa Roxburgh, Canadian-American actress

Yuri Temirkanov, Russian viola player and conductor (died 2023)

Susan Dey, American actress

Una Merkel, American actress (died 1986)