30 May on the globe: what happened in the world on this day, and who was born

Beginning of the Peasants' Revolt in England.

The Council of Constance, called by Emperor Sigismund, a supporter of Antipope John XXIII, burns Jerome of Prague following a trial for heresy.

Hundred Years' War: In Rouen, France, the 19-year-old Joan of Arc is burned at the stake by an English-dominated tribunal.

Hussite Wars: Battle of Lipany: End of the war, the Utraquist defeat and annihilate Taborite forces.

During the reign of the Zhengde Emperor, Ming dynasty rebel leader Zhu Zhifan is defeated by commander Qiu Yue, ending the Prince of Anhua rebellion.

King Henry VIII of England marries Jane Seymour, a lady-in-waiting to his first two wives.

In Florida, Hernando de Soto lands at Tampa Bay with 600 soldiers with the goal of finding gold.

Henry III becomes King of France.

The last ship of the Spanish Armada sets sail from Lisbon heading for the English Channel.

Publication of Gazette de France, the first French newspaper.

Thirty Years' War: The Peace of Prague is signed.

From this date all honors granted by Charles I of England are retroactively annulled by Parliament.

Johann Sebastian Bach assumes the office of Thomaskantor in Leipzig, presenting his first new cantata, Die Elenden sollen essen, BWV 75, in the St. Nicholas Church on the first Sunday after Trinity.

War of the First Coalition: In the Battle of Borghetto, Napoleon Bonaparte manages to cross the Mincio River against the Austrian army. This crossing forces the Austrians to abandon Lombardy and retreat to the Tyrol, leaving the fortress of Mantua as the sole remaining Austrian stronghold in Northern Italy.

Future U.S. President Andrew Jackson kills Charles Dickinson in a duel.

The First Treaty of Paris is signed, returning the French frontiers to their 1792 extent, and restoring the House of Bourbon to power.

The East Indiaman Arniston is wrecked during a storm at Waenhuiskrans, near Cape Agulhas, in present-day South Africa, with the loss of 372 lives.

Minister of Justice Joaquim António de Aguiar issues a law seizing "all convents, monasteries, colleges, hospices and any other houses" from the Catholic religious orders in Portugal, earning him the nickname of "The Friar-Killer".

John Francis attempts to murder Queen Victoria as she drives down Constitution Hill in London with Prince Albert.

The Fatel Razack, coming from India, lands in the Gulf of Paria in Trinidad and Tobago carrying the first Indians to the country.

The Kansas–Nebraska Act becomes law, establishing the U.S. territories of Kansas and Nebraska.

American Civil War: The Siege of Corinth ends in a Union victory, with General Henry Halleck capturing the critical rail junction of Corinth, Mississippi from retreating Confederate forces under General P. G. T. Beauregard.

Bedrich Smetana's comic opera The Bartered Bride premieres in Prague.

Decoration Day (the predecessor of the modern "Memorial Day") is observed in the United States for the first time after a proclamation by John A. Logan, head of the Grand Army of the Republic (a veterans group).

Ottoman sultan Abdülaziz is deposed and succeeded by his nephew Murad V.

The secret decree of Ems Ukaz is issued by Russian Tsar Alexander II in the German city of Bad Ems, aimed at stopping the printing and distribution of Ukrainian-language publications in the Russian Empire.

In New York City, 12 people are killed in a stampede on the recently opened Brooklyn Bridge.

Pearl Hart, a female outlaw of the Old West, robs a stage coach 30 miles southeast of Globe, Arizona.

At the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, the first Indianapolis 500 ends with Ray Harroun in his Marmon Wasp becoming the first winner of the 500-mile auto race.

The Treaty of London is signed, ending the First Balkan War between the Balkan allies and the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans cede all their European territories west of a straight line between Enos and Media and Albania becomes an independent nation.

The new, and then the largest, Cunard ocean liner RMS Aquitania, 45,647 tons, sets sail on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England, to New York City.

The Lincoln Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C.

May Thirtieth Movement: Shanghai Municipal Police Force shoot and kill 13 protesting workers.

Memorial Day massacre: Chicago police shoot and kill ten labor demonstrators.

Second World War: HMS Cambrian was sunk by a mine in The Solent, with the loss of 23 lives.

World War II: Manolis Glezos and Apostolos Santas climb the Athenian Acropolis and tear down the German flag.

World War II: One thousand British bombers launch a 90-minute attack on Cologne, Germany.

The Holocaust: Josef Mengele becomes chief medical officer of the Zigeunerfamilienlager (Romani family camp) at Auschwitz concentration camp.

A dike along the flooding Columbia River breaks, obliterating Vanport, Oregon within minutes. Fifteen people die and tens of thousands are left homeless.

Memorial Day: The remains of two unidentified American servicemen, killed in action during World War II and the Korean War respectively, are buried at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington National Cemetery.

The Auckland Harbour Bridge, crossing the Waitemata Harbour in Auckland, New Zealand, is officially opened by Governor-General Charles Lyttelton, 10th Viscount Cobham.

The long-time Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo is assassinated in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.

Viasa Flight 897 crashes after takeoff from Lisbon Airport, killing 61.

A protest against pro-Catholic discrimination during the Buddhist crisis is held outside South Vietnam's National Assembly, the first open demonstration during the eight-year presidency of Ngo Dinh Diem.

Former Congolese Prime Minister, Évariste Kimba, and several other politicians are publicly executed in Kinshasa on the orders of President Joseph Mobutu.

The Nigerian Eastern Region declares independence as the Republic of Biafra, sparking a civil war.

Charles de Gaulle reappears publicly after his flight to Baden-Baden, West Germany, and dissolves the French National Assembly by a radio appeal. Immediately after, less than one million of his supporters march on the Champs-Élysées in Paris. This is the turning point of the May 1968 events in France.

A demonstration by workers and activists on the Caribbean island of Curaçao escalated into a violent uprising which destroyed much of Willemstad.

Mariner program: Mariner 9 is launched to map 70% of the surface, and to study temporal changes in the atmosphere and surface, of Mars.

In Ben Gurion Airport (at the time: Lod Airport), Israel, members of the Japanese Red Army carry out the Lod Airport massacre, killing 24 people and injuring 78 others.

The Angry Brigade goes on trial over a series of 25 bombings throughout the United Kingdom.

The Airbus A300 passenger aircraft first enters service.

The European Space Agency is established.

Downeast Airlines Flight 46 crashes on approach to Knox County Regional Airport in Rockland, Maine, killing 17.

Cold War: Spain joins NATO.

Tiananmen Square protests of 1989: The 10-metre high "Goddess of Democracy" statue is unveiled in Tiananmen Square by student demonstrators.

Croatian Parliament is constituted after the first free, multi-party elections, today celebrated as the National Day of Croatia.

Nuclear Testing: Pakistan conducts an underground test in the Kharan Desert. It is reported to be a plutonium device with yield of 20kt TNT equivalent.

The 6.5 Mw Afghanistan earthquake shakes the Takhar Province of northern Afghanistan with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (Very strong), killing around 4,000–4,500.

53 people are killed in a stampede at the Nyamiha metro station in Minsk, Belarus.

Depayin massacre: At least 70 people associated with the National League for Democracy are killed by government-sponsored mob in Burma. Aung San Suu Kyi flees the scene, but is arrested soon afterwards.

American student Natalee Holloway disappeared on a high-school graduation trip to Aruba.

Convention on Cluster Munitions is adopted.

TACA Flight 390 overshoots the runway at Toncontín International Airport in Tegucigalpa, Honduras and crashes, killing five people.

Former Liberian president Charles Taylor is sentenced to 50 years in prison for his role in atrocities committed during the Sierra Leone Civil War.

Nigeria passes a law banning same-sex marriage.

Crew Dragon Demo-2 launches from Kennedy Space Center, becoming the first crewed orbital spacecraft to launch from the United States since 2011 and the first commercial flight to the International Space Station.

Donald Trump is convicted of falsifying business records in his New York trial, the first time a former President of the United States has been found guilty in a criminal case.

Mikhail Bakunin, Russian philosopher and theorist (died 1876)

Steven Gerrard, English international footballer and manager

Alexei Leonov, Russian general, pilot, and cosmonaut (died 2019)

Hannes Alfvén, Swedish physicist and engineer, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1995)

Benny Goodman, American clarinet player, songwriter, and bandleader (died 1986)

Agnès Varda, Belgian-French director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2019)

Amadeo I, Spanish king (died 1890)

Fernando Lugo, Paraguayan bishop and politician, President of Paraguay

Peter Carl Fabergé, Russian goldsmith and jeweler (died 1920)

CeeLo Green, American singer-songwriter

Howard Hawks, American director, producer, and screenwriter (died 1977)

Julius Axelrod, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2004)

Idina Menzel, American singer-songwriter and actress

Alexander Archipenko, Ukrainian-American sculptor and illustrator (died 1964)

Marissa Mayer, American computer scientist and businesswoman

Giovanni Gentile, Italian philosopher and academic (died 1944)

Marie Fredriksson, Swedish singer-songwriter and pianist (died 2019)

Aleksandr Golovin, Russian footballer

Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1844)

Irving Thalberg, American screenwriter and producer (died 1936)

Guanyu Zhou, Chinese race car driver

Mel Blanc, American voice actor (died 1989)

Thomas Häßler, German footballer and manager

Dragan Džajić, Serbian and Yugoslav footballer

Tom Morello, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor

Theobald IV, count of Champagne (died 1253)

Hugh Griffith, Welsh actor (died 1980)

Helen Sharman, English chemist and astronaut

Georg von Küchler, German field marshal (died 1968)

Franklin J. Schaffner, Japanese-American director and producer (died 1989)

Colm Tóibín, Irish novelist, poet, playwright, and critic

Bertrand Delanoë, French politician, 14th Mayor of Paris

Eugène Charles Catalan, Belgian-French mathematician and academic (died 1894)

Colm Meaney, Irish actor

Kostas Chalkias, Greek footballer

Ailee, Korean-American singer and songwriter

Ren Zong, Chinese emperor (died 1063)

Georg von Peuerbach, German mathematician and astronomer (died 1461)

Eddie Nketiah, English footballer

René Barrientos, Bolivian general and politician, 55th President of Bolivia (died 1969)

Stephen Tobolowsky, American actor, singer, and director

Christine Jorgensen, American trans woman and actress (died 1989)

Duncan Jones, English director, producer, and screenwriter

Paresh Rawal, Indian actor, producer, and politician

Hal Clement, American author and educator (died 2003)

Harrison Barnes, American basketball player

Alfred Austin, English author, poet, and playwright (died 1913)

Keir Dullea, American actor

Michael J. Pollard, American actor (died 2019)

Jake Roberts, American professional wrestler

Big L, American rapper (died 1999)

Gianmaria Bruni, Italian race car driver

Lesia Tsurenko, Ukrainian tennis player

Jake Short, American actor

Michael López-Alegría, Spanish-American captain, pilot, and astronaut

Zdravko Čolić, Bosnian Serb singer-songwriter

Ted McGinley, American actor

Naomi Kawase, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter

Manny Ramirez, Dominican-American baseball player and coach

Devendra Banhart, American singer-songwriter and guitarist