A day on the globeROENES中文
The Earth on 6 March, with the rays of the day’s events
  1. A birthday on the globe

    6 March on the globe: what happened in the world on this day, and who was born

    For 6 March, the English Wikipedia lists 32 events and 169 births. 20 of the events stand at their places as rays of light; two more are dashed circles, where the sentence links only to a country or a sea. The taller the ray, the longer ago it happened. The people born that day come further down, as blue points.

    A birthday, yours or someone else’s:

  2. The Earth on 6 March

    The picture on the globe was assembled by NASA from satellite photographs taken in March 2004: the snow, the ice and the green are those of the month.

    On 6 March the Sun passes straight overhead at noon along the parallel of 5.4° south. In London, the day lasts about 11 hours 15 minutes.

    Beyond 85° south the Sun no longer sets; beyond 85° north it no longer rises.

    The line between day and night is tilted on the globe exactly as on this day of the year. On the dark side you can see the lights of towns.

  3. 6 March

    Europe#

    Nine events from the day’s list are placed here, between 1204 and 1988.

    The globe stops at three of them; the whole list is further down. All nine

  4. Europe · Paris

    1323

    Treaty of Paris of 1323 is signed.

    On the map: Paris.

    Wikipedia: Treaty of Paris

  5. Europe · Kajaani

    1651

    The town of Kajaani, known at the time as Cajanaburg, is founded by Count Per Brahe, the Governor-General of Finland.

    On the map: Kajaani.

    Also on the day’s list of Wikipedia in Spanish.

    Wikipedia: Kajaani

  6. Europe · La Fenice

    1853

    Giuseppe Verdi's La traviata premiered at La Fenice in Venice, but the performance was considered so bad that it caused him to revise portions of the opera.

    On the map: La Fenice.

    Wikipedia: La Fenice

  7. 6 March

    Asia#

    Six events from the day’s list are placed here, between 1975 and 2020.

    The globe stops at three of them; the whole list is further down. All six

  8. Asia · 1975 Algiers Agreement

    1975

    Algiers Accord: Iran and Iraq announce a settlement of their border dispute.

    On the map: the coordinates Wikidata gives for the article “1975 Algiers Agreement”.

    Also on the day’s list of Wikipedia in Spanish.

    Wikipedia: 1975 Algiers Agreement

  9. Asia · Christ's Commission Fellowship

    1985

    Registration of the Filipino megachurch Christ's Commission Fellowship with the Philippine government, months after its first worship service in August 1984.

    On the map: Christ's Commission Fellowship.

    Wikipedia: Christ's Commission Fellowship

  10. Asia · Marine Parade Community Building

    2000

    The Marine Parade Community Building, the mural cladding of which is the largest installation art in Singapore, was opened.

    On the map: Marine Parade Community Building.

    Wikipedia: Marine Parade Community Building

  11. 6 March

    What the other Wikipedias remember#

    For these years the English list has nothing on this day. The events below come from the same day’s lists on Wikipedia in Spanish and Chinese and were translated for this page.

  12. From Wikipedia in Spanish · Treaty of Alcáçovas

    1479

    The Treaty of Alcáçovas is signed, in which Portugal cedes the Canary Islands to Castile in exchange for possessions in West Africa.

    On the map: Treaty of Alcáçovas.

    Translated from the list on Wikipedia in Spanish.

    The article on Wikipedia in Spanish: Tratado de Alcazobas

  13. From Wikipedia in Chinese · Mariana Islands

    1521

    While circumnavigating the globe with his fleet, the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan discovers Guam, at the southern end of the Mariana Islands.

    On the map: Mariana Islands.

    Translated from the list on Wikipedia in Chinese.

    The article on Wikipedia in Chinese: 地球

  14. 6 March

    Born on 6 March#

    The English Wikipedia lists 169 births for this day. The blue points are the birthplaces of 60 of these people: those written about in the most Wikipedia editions, where Wikidata gives a place of birth.

  15. Born on 6 March

    1475

    Michelangelo, Italian painter and sculptor (died 1564)

    Place of birth: Caprese Michelangelo.

    Wikipedia: Michelangelo

  16. Born on 6 March

    1927

    Gabriel García Márquez, Colombian journalist and author, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2014)

    Place of birth: Aracataca.

    Wikipedia: Gabriel García Márquez

  17. Born on 6 March

    1806

    Elizabeth Barrett Browning, English-Italian poet and translator (died 1861)

    Place of birth: Coxhoe Hall.

    Wikipedia: Elizabeth Barrett Browning

  18. Born on 6 March

    1972

    Shaquille O'Neal, American basketball player

    Place of birth: Newark.

    Wikipedia: Shaquille O'Neal

  19. Born on 6 March

    1926

    Andrzej Wajda, Polish director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2016)

    Place of birth: Suwałki.

    Wikipedia: Andrzej Wajda

  20. Born in Britain and Ireland

    1946

    David Gilmour, English guitarist and singer-songwriter

    Place of birth: Cambridge.

    Wikipedia: David Gilmour

  21. Born in Britain and Ireland

    1920

    Lewis Gilbert, English director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2018)

    Place of birth: London.

    Wikipedia: Lewis Gilbert

  22. Born in Britain and Ireland

    1979

    Garry Monk, English footballer and manager

    Place of birth: Bedford.

    Wikipedia: Garry Monk

  23. The whole globe of the day

    Drag the globe to turn it. Touch a ray or a point to read what happened there.

Everything Wikipedia lists for 6 March

The list is the English Wikipedia’s, in its own wording, as it stood in October 2026. 10 events have no place on the map: the sentence links to no place with coordinates, only to places too wide to mark, or to several countries.

  1. 12 BC

    The Roman emperor Augustus is named Pontifex Maximus, incorporating the position into that of the emperor.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Roman emperor
  2. 845

    The 42 Martyrs of Amorium are killed after refusing to convert to Islam.

  3. 1204

    The Siege of Château Gaillard ends in a French victory over King John of England, who loses control of Normandy to King Philip II Augustus.

    Europe · Siege of Château GaillardWikipedia: Siege of Château Gaillard
  4. 1323

    Treaty of Paris of 1323 is signed.

    Europe · ParisWikipedia: Treaty of Paris
  5. 1447

    Election of Pope Nicholas V following the death of Pope Eugene IV on 23 February 1447.

    Europe · 1447 conclaveWikipedia: 1447 conclave
  6. 1651

    The town of Kajaani, known at the time as Cajanaburg, is founded by Count Per Brahe, the Governor-General of Finland.

    Europe · KajaaniWikipedia: Kajaani
  7. 1788

    The First Fleet arrives at Norfolk Island in order to found a convict settlement.

    Oceania · Norfolk IslandWikipedia: First Fleet
  8. 1820

    The Missouri Compromise is signed into law by United States President James Monroe. The compromise allows Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state, brings Maine into the Union as a free state, and makes the rest of the northern part of the Louisiana Purchase territory slavery-free.

  9. 1836

    Texas Revolution: Battle of the Alamo: After a thirteen-day siege by an army of over 1,800 Mexican troops, the 257 Texas volunteers, including frontiersman Davy Crockett and colonel Jim Bowie, defending the Alamo are killed and the fort is captured.

    North America · Texas RevolutionWikipedia: Battle of the Alamo
  10. 1853

    Giuseppe Verdi's La traviata premiered at La Fenice in Venice, but the performance was considered so bad that it caused him to revise portions of the opera.

    Europe · La FeniceWikipedia: La Fenice
  11. 1857

    The Supreme Court of the United States rules 7–2 in the Dred Scott v. Sandford case that the Constitution does not confer citizenship on black people.

    no place on the map
  12. 1901

    An anarchist assassin tries to kill German Emperor Wilhelm II.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Wilhelm II
  13. 1904

    Scottish National Antarctic Expedition: Led by William Speirs Bruce, the Antarctic region of Coats Land is discovered from the Scotia.

    Oceans · AntarcticaWikipedia: Scottish National Antarctic Expedition
  14. 1913

    First Balkan War: The Greek army captured Bizani Fortress, near Ioannina, from the Ottomans.

    Europe · Battle of BizaniWikipedia: Battle of Bizani
  15. 1930

    International Unemployment Day demonstrations globally initiated by the Communist Party USA.

  16. 1943

    World War II: Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel launches the Battle of Medenine in an attempt to slow down the British Eighth Army. It fails, and he leaves Africa three days later.

    Africa · Battle of MedenineWikipedia: Battle of Medenine
  17. 1943

    World War II: The Battle of Fardykambos, one of the first major battles between the Greek Resistance and the occupying Royal Italian Army, ends with the surrender of an entire Italian battalion, the bulk of the garrison of the town of Grevena, leading to its liberation a fortnight later.

    Europe · Battle of FardykambosWikipedia: Battle of Fardykambos
  18. 1945

    Petru Groza of the Ploughmen's Front became the first prime minister of the Communist Party-dominated government of Romania.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Petru Groza
  19. 1945

    World War II: Cologne is captured by American troops. On the same day, Operation Spring Awakening, the last major German offensive of the war, begins.

    Europe · Operation Spring AwakeningWikipedia: Operation Spring Awakening
  20. 1953

    Following Joseph Stalin's death, Georgy Malenkov succeeded him as Premier of the Soviet Union.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Joseph Stalin
  21. 1957

    the Ghana Independence Act 1957 is passed in the United Kingdom resulting in Ghana gaining independence from the British.

    Africa · GhanaWikipedia: Ghana Independence Act 1957
  22. 1964

    In a radio broadcast, Nation of Islam leader Elijah Muhammad announced that American boxer Cassius Clay would change his name to Muhammad Ali.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Nation of Islam
  23. 1975

    Algiers Accord: Iran and Iraq announce a settlement of their border dispute.

    Asia · 1975 Algiers AgreementWikipedia: 1975 Algiers Agreement
  24. 1985

    Registration of the Filipino megachurch Christ's Commission Fellowship with the Philippine government, months after its first worship service in August 1984.

    Asia · Christ's Commission FellowshipWikipedia: Christ's Commission Fellowship
  25. 1987

    The British ferry MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes in about 90 seconds, killing 193.

  26. 1988

    Operation Flavius: Three Provisional Irish Republican Army volunteers are shot dead by the SAS in Gibraltar.

    Europe · Operation FlaviusWikipedia: Operation Flavius
  27. 2000

    The Marine Parade Community Building, the mural cladding of which is the largest installation art in Singapore, was opened.

    Asia · Marine Parade Community BuildingWikipedia: Marine Parade Community Building
  28. 2003

    Air Algérie Flight 6289 crashes at the Aguenar – Hadj Bey Akhamok Airport in Tamanrasset, Algeria, killing 102 out of the 103 people on board.

    Africa · Air Algérie Flight 6289Wikipedia: Air Algérie Flight 6289
  29. 2008

    A gunman kills eight students in Jerusalem.

    Asia · 2008 Jerusalem yeshiva attackWikipedia: 2008 Jerusalem yeshiva attack
  30. 2008

    A suicide bomber kills 68 people in the Karrada district of Karrada in Baghdad

    Asia · BaghdadWikipedia: 6 March 2008 Baghdad bombing
  31. 2009

    As part of their investigation into an athletic scandal at Florida State University, the National Collegiate Athletic Association released a report alleging that 61 student athletes had engaged in academic fraud.

    North America · Florida State UniversityWikipedia: Florida State University academic-athletic scandal
  32. 2020

    32 people are killed and 82 are injured when gunmen open fire on a ceremony in Kabul, Afghanistan. The Islamic State claims responsibility for the attack.

    Asia · 6 March 2020 Kabul shootingWikipedia: 6 March 2020 Kabul shooting

What the other Wikipedias remember

For these years the English list has nothing on this day. The events below come from the same day’s lists on Wikipedia in Spanish and Chinese and were translated for this page.

  1. 1479

    The Treaty of Alcáçovas is signed, in which Portugal cedes the Canary Islands to Castile in exchange for possessions in West Africa.

    Europe · Treaty of AlcáçovasTranslated from the list on Wikipedia in SpanishWikipedia: Tratado de Alcazobas
  2. 1521

    While circumnavigating the globe with his fleet, the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan discovers Guam, at the southern end of the Mariana Islands.

    Oceania · Mariana IslandsTranslated from the list on Wikipedia in ChineseWikipedia: 地球

Who was born on 6 March

In order of how many Wikipedia editions have an article about each. The first 60 of 169 are shown.

  1. 1475

    Michelangelo, Italian painter and sculptor (died 1564)

    Caprese MichelangeloWikipedia: Michelangelo
  2. 1927

    Gabriel García Márquez, Colombian journalist and author, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2014)

    AracatacaWikipedia: Gabriel García Márquez
  3. 1937

    Valentina Tereshkova, Russian general, pilot, and astronaut

    Bolshoye MaslennikovoWikipedia: Valentina Tereshkova
  4. 1806

    Elizabeth Barrett Browning, English-Italian poet and translator (died 1861)

    Coxhoe HallWikipedia: Elizabeth Barrett Browning
  5. 1972

    Shaquille O'Neal, American basketball player

    NewarkWikipedia: Shaquille O'Neal
  6. 1926

    Andrzej Wajda, Polish director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2016)

    SuwałkiWikipedia: Andrzej Wajda
  7. 1946

    David Gilmour, English guitarist and singer-songwriter

    CambridgeWikipedia: David Gilmour
  8. 1947

    Rob Reiner, American actor, director, producer, and activist (died 2025)

    The BronxWikipedia: Rob Reiner
  9. 1787

    Joseph von Fraunhofer, German physicist and astronomer (died 1826)

    StraubingWikipedia: Joseph von Fraunhofer
  10. 1619

    Cyrano de Bergerac, French author and playwright (died 1655)

    ParisWikipedia: Cyrano de Bergerac
  11. 1926

    Alan Greenspan, American economist and politician (died 2026)

    New York CityWikipedia: Alan Greenspan
  12. 1987

    Kevin-Prince Boateng, Ghanaian-German footballer

    West BerlinWikipedia: Kevin-Prince Boateng
  13. 1996

    Timo Werner, German footballer

    StuttgartWikipedia: Timo Werner
  14. 1909

    Stanisław Jerzy Lec, Polish poet and author (died 1966)

    LvivWikipedia: Stanisław Jerzy Lec
  15. 1979

    Tim Howard, American soccer player

    North BrunswickWikipedia: Tim Howard
  16. 1483

    Francesco Guicciardini, Italian historian and politician (died 1540)

    FlorenceWikipedia: Francesco Guicciardini
  17. 1988

    Simon Mignolet, Belgian footballer

    Sint-TruidenWikipedia: Simon Mignolet
  18. 1991

    Tyler, the Creator, American rapper

    HawthorneWikipedia: Tyler, the Creator
  19. 1340

    John of Gaunt (probable; d. 1399)

    GhentWikipedia: John of Gaunt
  20. 1977

    Giorgos Karagounis, Greek footballer

  21. 1989

    Agnieszka Radwańska, Polish tennis player

    KrakówWikipedia: Agnieszka Radwańska
  22. 1936

    Choummaly Sayasone, Laotian politician, 5th President of Laos

    Attapư̄Wikipedia: Choummaly Sayasone
  23. 1405

    John II of Castile (died 1454)

    ToroWikipedia: John II of Castile
  24. 1944

    Kiri Te Kanawa, New Zealand soprano and actress

    GisborneWikipedia: Kiri Te Kanawa
  25. 1831

    Philip Sheridan, Irish-American general (died 1888)

    AlbanyWikipedia: Philip Sheridan
  26. 1947

    Dick Fosbury, American high jumper (died 2023)

    PortlandWikipedia: Dick Fosbury
  27. 1954

    Harald Schumacher, German footballer and manager

    DürenWikipedia: Toni Schumacher
  28. 1927

    Gordon Cooper, American engineer, pilot, and astronaut (died 2004)

    ShawneeWikipedia: Gordon Cooper
  29. 1930

    Lorin Maazel, French-American violinist, composer, and conductor (died 2014)

    Neuilly-sur-SeineWikipedia: Lorin Maazel
  30. 1949

    Shaukat Aziz, Pakistani economist and politician, 15th Prime Minister of Pakistan

    KarachiWikipedia: Shaukat Aziz
  31. 1967

    Connie Britton, American actress

    Wikipedia: Connie Britton
  32. 1953

    Carolyn Porco, American astronomer and academic

    The BronxWikipedia: Carolyn Porco
  33. 1924

    Ottmar Walter, German footballer (died 2013)

    KaiserslauternWikipedia: Ottmar Walter
  34. 1932

    Bronisław Geremek, Polish historian and politician, Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs (died 2008)

    WarsawWikipedia: Bronisław Geremek
  35. 1967

    Glenn Greenwald, American journalist and author

    QueensWikipedia: Glenn Greenwald
  36. 1917

    Will Eisner, American illustrator and publisher (died 2005)

    BrooklynWikipedia: Will Eisner
  37. 1823

    Charles I of Württemberg (died 1891)

    StuttgartWikipedia: Charles I of Württemberg
  38. 1917

    Donald Davidson, American philosopher and academic (died 2003)

    SpringfieldWikipedia: Donald Davidson
  39. 1953

    Madhav Kumar Nepal, Nepali banker and politician, 34th Prime Minister of Nepal

    Rautahat DistrictWikipedia: Madhav Kumar Nepal
  40. 1959

    Tom Arnold, American actor and comedian

    OttumwaWikipedia: Tom Arnold
  41. 1983

    Andranik Teymourian, Armenian-Iranian footballer

    TehranWikipedia: Andranik Teymourian
  42. 1903

    Empress Nagako of Japan (died 2000)

    RoppongiWikipedia: Empress Nagako
  43. 1923

    Wes Montgomery, American guitarist and songwriter (died 1968)

    IndianapolisWikipedia: Wes Montgomery
  44. 1977

    Shabani Nonda, Congolese footballer

    BujumburaWikipedia: Shabani Nonda
  45. 1920

    Lewis Gilbert, English director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2018)

    LondonWikipedia: Lewis Gilbert
  46. 1955

    Cyprien Ntaryamira, Burundian politician, 5th President of Burundi (died 1994)

    Mubimbi CommuneWikipedia: Cyprien Ntaryamira
  47. 1988

    Agnes, Swedish singer

    VänersborgWikipedia: Agnes
  48. 1988

    Marina Erakovic, New Zealand tennis player

    SplitWikipedia: Marina Erakovic
  49. 1997

    Alisha Boe, Norwegian actress

    OsloWikipedia: Alisha Boe
  50. 1865

    Duan Qirui, Chinese warlord and politician (died 1936)

    Feixi CountyWikipedia: Duan Qirui
  51. 1906

    Lou Costello, American actor and comedian (died 1959)

    PatersonWikipedia: Lou Costello
  52. 1909

    Obafemi Awolowo, Nigerian lawyer and politician (died 1987)

    IkenneWikipedia: Obafemi Awolowo
  53. 1976

    Ken Anderson, American wrestler and actor

    MinneapolisWikipedia: Ken Anderson
  54. 1779

    Antoine-Henri Jomini, Swiss-French general (died 1869)

    PayerneWikipedia: Antoine-Henri Jomini
  55. 1994

    Marcus Smart, American basketball player

    Flower MoundWikipedia: Marcus Smart
  56. 1904

    José Antonio Aguirre, Spanish lawyer and politician, 1st President of the Basque Country (died 1960)

    BilbaoWikipedia: José Antonio Aguirre
  57. 1946

    Martin Kove, American actor

    BrooklynWikipedia: Martin Kove
  58. 1948

    Stephen Schwartz, American composer and producer

    New York CityWikipedia: Stephen Schwartz
  59. 1979

    Garry Monk, English footballer and manager

    BedfordWikipedia: Garry Monk
  60. 1990

    Derek Drouin, Canadian high jumper

    SarniaWikipedia: Derek Drouin

What is celebrated on 6 March

  • Christian feast day: Chrodegang
  • Christian feast day: Colette of Corbie
  • Christian feast day: Fridolin of Säckingen
  • Christian feast day: Kyneburga, Kyneswide and Tibba
  • Christian feast day: Marcian of Tortona
  • Christian feast day: March 6 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • European Day of the Righteous, commemorates those who have stood up against crimes against humanity and totalitarianism with their own moral responsibility. (Europe)
  • Norfolk Island Foundation Day, the founding of Norfolk Island in 1788.
  • Independence Day (Ghana), celebrates the independence of Ghana from the UK in 1957.

A greeting link for someone

Type a name and, if you like, the year of birth. The link opens with a greeting, and beside each event it says how old the person turned that day, or how many years before their birth it happened.

The name and the year go only into the link you send.

Download the day’s picture

All 366 days

How the globe is made

Where the events come from

Each edition of this page uses the day’s list from Wikipedia in its own language: Romanian, English, Spanish, Chinese. The lists are written by volunteers and differ from one edition to the next; the text of each event is Wikipedia’s, with a link to the article. A row that appears twice in a list is shown once. The lists have not been checked event by event: they are Wikipedia’s, mistakes included.

For events before 1582, and for countries that moved to the Gregorian calendar later (Britain in 1752, Russia in 1918), the same day may be counted Old Style in one list and New Style in another.

The chapter “What the other Wikipedias remember” adds up to five events a day from the lists of the other three editions, only for years in which the English list has nothing on that day. They were translated for this page, passed the same filters as the tour, and are not counted among the events of the English list.

How an event gets onto the map

The place comes from Wikidata. If the sentence links to the article about the event itself (a battle, an opening, an earthquake), dated to the same year, the ray stands on its coordinates or on those of its location. Otherwise it stands on the first place the sentence links to: a town, a building, a mountain, an island. This second step can be wrong: sometimes the sentence only mentions the place. That is why the page says, under each event, which place the ray stands on.

When the sentence links to a single state or province, or to a single sea, lake or desert larger than 5,000 km², the globe shows a dashed circle, not a ray. The circle has the area Wikidata gives, with its radius kept between 1.2° and 16°, or a radius of 4.5° when Wikidata gives no area; it says only that the sentence links to that place. Organisations, ships, spacecraft, museum objects, rivers, mountain ranges, languages and continents are never used as places. When a sentence names several states and no exact place, the event stays in the list only.

What the height means

The height of a ray shows how many years have passed, on a logarithmic scale: 10 years, 100 years and 1,000 years are equal steps apart; anything older than about 2,600 years has the tallest ray. The colour runs from pale yellow for recent years to violet for antiquity.

Where the tour stops

In each region the tour stops at up to three events (five in Britain and Ireland), chosen mainly by three things: whether Wikipedia’s editors put the event in the “On this day” box of their main page (the English, Spanish and Chinese editions), how many Wikipedia editions have an article about it, and how many of the four lists include it. Events whose sentence or article is about a war, an attack, a crime or a disaster are left out of the tour; they stay in the whole list, in Wikipedia’s wording. The filter is a list of words and a list of Wikidata types, so it can miss some.

The tour of births names the people with articles in the most editions and leaves aside those whom the list or Wikidata describes as rulers, politicians, commanders, leaders of movements or criminals; they stay in the list.

The Earth and the Sun

The daytime images are NASA’s Blue Marble Next Generation mosaics, one for each month of 2004; the night side is Black Marble 2016. The tilt of the line between day and night is computed for the day; the hour is chosen so that the place being read is in daylight. The latitude where the Sun stands overhead is the average of the four years of the leap cycle; in a given year it can differ by up to 0.4°.

The day you were born

The number ones come from the weekly lists on Wikipedia: Billboard for the United States (from 1940; the Hot 100 from August 1958), the UK Singles Chart (from November 1952), Los 40 Principales for Spain (from July 1966) and, for Romania, the Romanian Top 100 and Airplay 100 (2001–2021, with missing weeks). The page shows the chart of the week in which the day of birth falls, with its date; Billboard and the UK chart are dated at the end of their week. For Romania before 2001 and for China these sources have no weekly chart.

The films are those that reached cinemas in the United States up to ten days before or three days after that day (some of them in a few cinemas at first), from the English Wikipedia’s yearly lists (from 1968), in order of how many editions have an article about them. The events “in those days” are the ones on the neighbouring days’ lists that carry the year of birth, passed through the same filter as the tour.

The day of birth, year included

The Moon, the star sign and the constellation are worked out by the page itself, for noon Universal Time on the day. The lit part of the Moon is rounded and can differ by a few per cent from that at the hour of birth. The sign follows the usual zodiac of twelve equal parts starting at the March equinox; the constellation is the one the Sun actually stood in front of, by the borders set by the International Astronomical Union, and within a day of a border the page does not name it. When the Sun changes sign while it is that day anywhere on Earth, the page gives the moment of crossing, rounded to ten minutes and accurate to within about a quarter of an hour, and the clock time in a few cities, with the time zone and summer time of that year.

The year in the Chinese calendar is the one your device’s own calendar gives for the date, checked against the Hong Kong Observatory’s tables. “All your birthdays” uses the same sources as the rest of the chapter for the same day in every year since the birth: the temperature, well-known launches that took place on that very day, matches of the teams the edition follows, snow deeper than 10 cm and strong geomagnetic storms. The three things at the top and the four on the picture are chosen in a fixed order (the song, the animal, a full Moon, a well-known launch before an ordinary earthquake); on the picture you can change them.

When the link carries a year of birth, the page adds a few things about that exact day. The weather is the Met Office’s Central England temperature record and the readings from New York’s Central Park; the “usual high” is the average of the daily highs of 1961–1990 for that date, with two days either side. The carbon dioxide figure is the monthly mean at the Mauna Loa observatory, where measurements begin in March 1958.

The earthquake is the one with the largest magnitude in the USGS catalogue for that day, counted in Universal Time. Before the 1960s the catalogue has gaps even above magnitude 5.5, so in the older years many days have no earthquake. The page gives only the magnitude and the place: the country the epicentre falls in or, when the epicentre is at sea within 300 km of a coast, the nearest country; farther out, only the ocean.

The launches are those that reached orbit or left for the Moon and the planets, from Jonathan McDowell’s GCAT catalogue. If nothing left that day, the page shows the nearest launch within three days before or after, and says how many days away it was. The geomagnetic storm appears only when the Kp index reached at least 5 in one of the day’s eight three-hour intervals.

The animal comes from GBIF: an observation made by a person (the animal seen or heard, or its tracks), dated to that exact day, with coordinates and a CC0 or CC BY licence. Only a few hundred well-known species are searched (mammals, birds, turtles, butterflies); of those noted that day, mammals and species with articles in many Wikipedia editions come first; birds noted almost every day, and species used recently, wait their turn. Observations dated 1 January are left out, because records without a day are often filed there. An observation shows that the animal was recorded there, not how many animals there were.

The matches are those between national teams. Only matches of England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland, the United States, Canada and Australia are shown, along with those at the big final tournaments. The picture to send is drawn in the page from the day’s globe and the facts above, and stays on your device until you send it.

Sources

More pages about birthdays