A day on the globeROENES中文
The Earth on 2 June, with the rays of the day’s events
  1. A birthday on the globe

    2 June on the globe: what happened in the world on this day, and who was born

    For 2 June, the English Wikipedia lists 48 events and 206 births. 25 of the events stand at their places as rays of light; three more are dashed circles, where the sentence links only to a country or a sea. The taller the ray, the longer ago it happened. The people born that day come further down, as blue points.

    A birthday, yours or someone else’s:

  2. The Earth on 2 June

    The picture on the globe was assembled by NASA from satellite photographs taken in June 2004: the snow, the ice and the green are those of the month.

    On 2 June the Sun passes straight overhead at noon along the parallel of 22.2° north. In London, the day lasts about 16 hours 20 minutes.

    Beyond 68° north the Sun no longer sets; beyond 68° south it no longer rises.

    The line between day and night is tilted on the globe exactly as on this day of the year. On the dark side you can see the lights of towns.

  3. 2 June

    Britain and Ireland#

    Three events from the day’s list are placed here, between 1780 and 2010.

    The globe stops at one of them; the whole list is further down. All three

  4. Britain & Ireland · Westminster Abbey

    1953

    The coronation of Queen Elizabeth II at Westminster Abbey becomes the first British coronation, and one of the first major international events, to be televised.

    On the map: Westminster Abbey.

    Also on the day’s list of Wikipedia in Spanish and Chinese.

    Wikipedia: Coronation of Elizabeth II

  5. 2 June

    Europe#

    Eight events from the day’s list are placed here, between 455 and 1946.

    The globe stops at one of them; the whole list is further down. All eight

  6. Europe · Prague

    1848

    The Slavic Congress opens in Prague.

    On the map: Prague.

    Wikipedia: Prague Slavic Congress, 1848

  7. 2 June

    Asia#

    Five events from the day’s list are placed here, between 260 and 2023.

    The globe stops at two of them; the whole list is further down. All five

  8. Asia · Baikonur

    2003

    Europe launches its first voyage to another planet, Mars. The European Space Agency's Mars Express probe launches from the Baikonur space center in Kazakhstan.

    On the map: Baikonur.

    Wikipedia: Mars

  9. Asia · Ankara

    2022

    Following a request from Ankara, the United Nations officially changes the name of the Republic of Turkey in the organization from what was previously known as "Turkey" to "Türkiye".

    On the map: Ankara.

    Wikipedia: Ankara

  10. 2 June

    North America#

    Nine events from the day’s list are placed here, between 1608 and 1997.

    The globe stops at three of them; the whole list is further down. All nine

  11. North America · Colony of Virginia

    1608

    The Colony of Virginia gets a charter, extending borders from "sea to sea".

    On the map: Colony of Virginia.

    Wikipedia: Colony of Virginia

  12. North America · Quebec City

    1615

    The first Récollet missionaries arrive at Quebec City, from Rouen, France.

    On the map: Quebec City.

    Wikipedia: Recollects

  13. North America · Blue Room

    1886

    The wedding of Grover Cleveland and Frances Folsom took place in the White House, in the only time that a U.S. president has married in the building.

    On the map: Blue Room.

    Wikipedia: Wedding of Grover Cleveland and Frances Folsom

  14. 2 June

    What the other Wikipedias remember#

    For these years the English list has nothing on this day. The events below come from the same day’s lists on Wikipedia in Spanish and were translated for this page.

  15. From Wikipedia in Spanish · Milan

    2007

    In Milan (Italy), for the first time in history, a woman, Laura Pausini, gives a concert at the famous San Siro stadium.

    On the map: Milan.

    Translated from the list on Wikipedia in Spanish.

    The article on Wikipedia in Spanish: Estadio Giuseppe Meazza

  16. 2 June

    Born on 2 June#

    The English Wikipedia lists 206 births for this day. The blue points are the birthplaces of 60 of these people: those written about in the most Wikipedia editions, where Wikidata gives a place of birth.

  17. Born on 2 June

    1840

    Thomas Hardy, English novelist and poet (died 1928)

    Place of birth: Dorchester.

    Wikipedia: Thomas Hardy

  18. Born on 2 June

    1835

    Pope Pius X (died 1914)

    Place of birth: Riese Pio X.

    Wikipedia: Pope Pius X

  19. Born on 2 June

    1857

    Karl Adolph Gjellerup, Danish author and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1919)

    Place of birth: Roholte.

    Wikipedia: Karl Adolph Gjellerup

  20. Born on 2 June

    1988

    Sergio Agüero, Argentine footballer

    Place of birth: Buenos Aires.

    Wikipedia: Sergio Agüero

  21. Born on 2 June

    1857

    Edward Elgar, English composer and educator (died 1934)

    Place of birth: Lower Broadheath.

    Wikipedia: Edward Elgar

  22. Born in Britain and Ireland

    1972

    Wentworth Miller, American actor and screenwriter

    Place of birth: Chipping Norton.

    Wikipedia: Wentworth Miller

  23. Born in Britain and Ireland

    1941

    Charlie Watts, English drummer, songwriter, and producer (died 2021)

    Place of birth: London.

    Wikipedia: Charlie Watts

  24. Born in Britain and Ireland

    1978

    Dominic Cooper, English actor

    Place of birth: Greenwich.

    Wikipedia: Dominic Cooper

  25. The whole globe of the day

    Drag the globe to turn it. Touch a ray or a point to read what happened there.

Everything Wikipedia lists for 2 June

The list is the English Wikipedia’s, in its own wording, as it stood in October 2026. 20 events have no place on the map: the sentence links to no place with coordinates, only to places too wide to mark, or to several countries.

  1. 260

    Sima Zhao's regicide of Cao Mao: The figurehead Wei emperor Cao Mao personally leads an attempt to oust his regent, Sima Zhao; the attempted coup is crushed and the emperor killed.

    Asia · LuoyangWikipedia: Sima Zhao's regicide of Cao Mao
  2. 455

    Sack of Rome: Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks.

    Europe · Sack of RomeWikipedia: Sack of Rome
  3. 575

    Pope Benedict I is consecrated after obtaining imperial approval from Constantinople.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Pope Benedict I
  4. 1098

    First Crusade: The first Siege of Antioch ends as Crusader forces take the city; the second siege began five days later.

    Asia · Siege of AntiochWikipedia: First Crusade
  5. 1259

    Wedding of Manfred, King of Sicily, and Byzantine princess Helena Angelina Doukaina.

  6. 1608

    The Colony of Virginia gets a charter, extending borders from "sea to sea".

    North America · Colony of VirginiaWikipedia: Colony of Virginia
  7. 1615

    The first Récollet missionaries arrive at Quebec City, from Rouen, France.

    North America · Quebec CityWikipedia: Recollects
  8. 1676

    Franco-Dutch War: France ensures the supremacy of its naval fleet for the remainder of the war with its victory in the Battle of Palermo.

    Europe · Battle of PalermoWikipedia: Battle of Palermo
  9. 1692

    Bridget Bishop is the first person to be tried for witchcraft in Salem, Massachusetts; she is found guilty the same day and hanged on June 10.

    North America · Salem witch trialsWikipedia: Salem witch trials
  10. 1763

    Pontiac's Rebellion: At what is now Mackinaw City, Michigan, Chippewas capture Fort Michilimackinac by diverting the garrison's attention with a game of lacrosse, then chasing a ball into the fort.

    North America · Mackinaw City, MichiganWikipedia: Pontiac's War
  11. 1774

    Intolerable Acts: The Quartering Act of 1774 is enacted, allowing a governor in colonial America to house British soldiers in uninhabited houses, outhouses, barns, or other buildings if suitable quarters are not provided.

    North America · Thirteen ColoniesWikipedia: Intolerable Acts
  12. 1780

    The anti-Catholic Gordon Riots in London leave an estimated 300 to 700 people dead.

    Britain & Ireland · LondonWikipedia: Gordon Riots
  13. 1793

    French Revolution: François Hanriot, leader of the Parisian National Guard, arrests 22 Girondists selected by Jean-Paul Marat, setting the stage for the Reign of Terror.

    Europe · French First RepublicWikipedia: French Revolution
  14. 1802

    Henry Hacking killed the Aboriginal Australian resistance fighter Pemulwuy after Philip Gidley King ordered that he be brought in dead or alive.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Pemulwuy
  15. 1805

    Napoleonic Wars: A Franco-Spanish fleet recaptures from the British the island of Diamond Rock, which guards the entrance to the bay leading to Fort-de-France, Martinique.

    Europe · Battle of Diamond RockWikipedia: Napoleonic Wars
  16. 1848

    The Slavic Congress opens in Prague.

    Europe · PragueWikipedia: Prague Slavic Congress, 1848
  17. 1866

    The Fenians defeat Canadian forces at Ridgeway and Fort Erie, but the raids end soon after.

    North America · Battle of RidgewayWikipedia: Battle of Ridgeway
  18. 1878

    Nobiling assassination attempt by anarchist Karl Nobiling targeting the German Kaiser, Wilhelm I.

    Europe · Nobiling assassination attemptWikipedia: Nobiling assassination attempt
  19. 1886

    The wedding of Grover Cleveland and Frances Folsom took place in the White House, in the only time that a U.S. president has married in the building.

    North America · Blue RoomWikipedia: Wedding of Grover Cleveland and Frances Folsom
  20. 1896

    Guglielmo Marconi applies for a patent for his wireless telegraph.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Guglielmo Marconi
  21. 1909

    Alfred Deakin becomes Prime Minister of Australia for the third time.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Alfred Deakin
  22. 1910

    Charles Rolls, a co-founder of Rolls-Royce Limited, becomes the first man to make a non-stop double crossing of the English Channel by plane.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Charles Rolls
  23. 1919

    Anarchists simultaneously set off bombs in eight separate U.S. cities.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Anarchism
  24. 1924

    U.S. President Calvin Coolidge signs the Indian Citizenship Act into law, granting citizenship to all Native Americans born within the territorial limits of the United States.

  25. 1941

    World War II: German paratroopers murder Greek civilians in the villages of Kondomari and Alikianos.

    Europe · Massacre of KondomariWikipedia: Massacre of Kondomari
  26. 1946

    Birth of the Italian Republic: In a referendum, Italians vote to turn Italy from a monarchy into a Republic. After the referendum, King Umberto II of Italy is exiled.

    Europe · ItalyWikipedia: 1946 Italian institutional referendum
  27. 1953

    The coronation of Queen Elizabeth II at Westminster Abbey becomes the first British coronation, and one of the first major international events, to be televised.

    Britain & Ireland · Westminster AbbeyWikipedia: Coronation of Elizabeth II
  28. 1955

    The USSR and Yugoslavia sign the Belgrade declaration and thus normalize relations between the two countries, discontinued since 1948.

  29. 1958

    Aeronaves de México Flight 111 crashes on approach to Guadalajara International Airport, killing 45.

    Latin America · Aeronaves de México Flight 111Wikipedia: Aeronaves de México Flight 111
  30. 1962

    During the FIFA World Cup, police intervene multiple times in fights between Chilean and Italian players in one of the most violent games in football history.

    Latin America · Carlos Dittborn StadiumWikipedia: 1962 FIFA World Cup
  31. 1964

    The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) is formed.

  32. 1966

    Surveyor program: Surveyor 1 lands in Oceanus Procellarum on the Moon, becoming the first U.S. spacecraft to soft-land on another world.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Surveyor program
  33. 1967

    Luis Monge is executed in Colorado's gas chamber, in the last pre-Furman execution in the United States.

  34. 1967

    Protests in West Berlin against the arrival of the Shah of Iran are brutally suppressed, during which Benno Ohnesorg is killed by a police officer. His death results in the founding of the terrorist group 2 June Movement.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: West Berlin
  35. 1973

    Della Aleksander co-presented an episode of Open Door on transgender women's lives.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Della Aleksander
  36. 1979

    Pope John Paul II starts his first official visit to his native Poland, becoming the first Pope to visit a Communist country.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Pope John Paul II
  37. 1983

    After an emergency landing because of an in-flight fire, twenty-three passengers aboard Air Canada Flight 797 are killed when a flashover occurs as the plane's doors open. Because of this incident, numerous new safety regulations are put in place.

    North America · Air Canada Flight 797Wikipedia: Air Canada Flight 797
  38. 1990

    The Lower Ohio Valley tornado outbreak spawns 66 confirmed tornadoes in Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio, killing 12.

  39. 1995

    Bosnian War: U.S. Air Force captain Scott O'Grady was shot down while patrolling the NATO no-fly zone over Bosnia, but ejected safely and was rescued six days later.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Bosnian War
  40. 1997

    In Denver, Timothy McVeigh is convicted on 11 counts of murder and conspiracy for his role in the 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, in which 168 people died. He was executed four years later.

    North America · DenverWikipedia: Oklahoma City bombing
  41. 1998

    Space Shuttle Discovery is launched on STS-91, the final mission of the Shuttle-Mir program.

  42. 2003

    Europe launches its first voyage to another planet, Mars. The European Space Agency's Mars Express probe launches from the Baikonur space center in Kazakhstan.

    Asia · BaikonurWikipedia: Mars
  43. 2008

    Artist Tim Buckley published "Loss" as part of his webcomic Ctrl+Alt+Del.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Tim Buckley
  44. 2010

    Twelve people are killed and eleven others injured in a spree shooting in Cumbria, England, before the perpetrator takes his own life.

    Britain & Ireland · SeascaleWikipedia: Cumbria shootings
  45. 2012

    Former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak is sentenced to life imprisonment for his role in the killing of demonstrators during the 2011 Egyptian revolution.

    Africa · 2011 Egyptian revolutionWikipedia: 2011 Egyptian revolution
  46. 2014

    Telangana officially becomes the 29th state of India, formed from ten districts of northwestern Andhra Pradesh.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Telangana
  47. 2022

    Following a request from Ankara, the United Nations officially changes the name of the Republic of Turkey in the organization from what was previously known as "Turkey" to "Türkiye".

    Asia · AnkaraWikipedia: Ankara
  48. 2023

    A collision between two passenger trains and a parked freight train near the city of Balasor, Odisha in eastern India, results in 296 deaths and more than 1,200 people injured.

    Asia · 2023 Odisha train collisionWikipedia: 2023 Odisha train collision

What the other Wikipedias remember

For these years the English list has nothing on this day. The events below come from the same day’s lists on Wikipedia in Spanish and were translated for this page.

  1. 2007

    In Milan (Italy), for the first time in history, a woman, Laura Pausini, gives a concert at the famous San Siro stadium.

    Europe · MilanTranslated from the list on Wikipedia in SpanishWikipedia: Estadio Giuseppe Meazza

Who was born on 2 June

In order of how many Wikipedia editions have an article about each. The first 60 of 206 are shown.

  1. 1840

    Thomas Hardy, English novelist and poet (died 1928)

    DorchesterWikipedia: Thomas Hardy
  2. 1835

    Pope Pius X (died 1914)

    Riese Pio XWikipedia: Pope Pius X
  3. 1740

    Marquis de Sade, French philosopher and politician (died 1814)

    Hôtel de CondéWikipedia: Marquis de Sade
  4. 1857

    Karl Adolph Gjellerup, Danish author and poet, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1919)

    RoholteWikipedia: Karl Adolph Gjellerup
  5. 1988

    Sergio Agüero, Argentine footballer

    Buenos AiresWikipedia: Sergio Agüero
  6. 1535

    Pope Leo XI (died 1605)

    FlorenceWikipedia: Pope Leo XI
  7. 1857

    Edward Elgar, English composer and educator (died 1934)

    Lower BroadheathWikipedia: Edward Elgar
  8. 1940

    Constantine II of Greece (died 2023)

    Psychiko PalaceWikipedia: Constantine II of Greece
  9. 1731

    Martha Washington, First Lady of the United States (died 1802)

    Chestnut GroveWikipedia: Martha Washington
  10. 1904

    Johnny Weissmuller, Hungarian-American swimmer and actor (died 1984)

    FreidorfWikipedia: Johnny Weissmuller
  11. 1972

    Wentworth Miller, American actor and screenwriter

    Chipping NortonWikipedia: Wentworth Miller
  12. 1987

    Sonakshi Sinha, Indian actress

    MumbaiWikipedia: Sonakshi Sinha
  13. 1930

    Pete Conrad, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (died 1999)

    PhiladelphiaWikipedia: Pete Conrad
  14. 1977

    Zachary Quinto, American actor and producer

    PittsburghWikipedia: Zachary Quinto
  15. 1988

    Awkwafina, American actress, rapper, and comedian

    Stony BrookWikipedia: Awkwafina
  16. 1941

    Charlie Watts, English drummer, songwriter, and producer (died 2021)

    LondonWikipedia: Charlie Watts
  17. 1979

    Morena Baccarin, Brazilian-American actress

    Rio de JaneiroWikipedia: Morena Baccarin
  18. 1923

    Lloyd Shapley, American mathematician and economist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2016)

    CambridgeWikipedia: Lloyd Shapley
  19. 1978

    Justin Long, American actor

    FairfieldWikipedia: Justin Long
  20. 1981

    Nikolay Davydenko, Russian tennis player

    SiverskodonetskWikipedia: Nikolay Davydenko
  21. 1920

    Marcel Reich-Ranicki, Polish-German author and critic (died 2013)

    WłocławekWikipedia: Marcel Reich-Ranicki
  22. 1978

    Dominic Cooper, English actor

    GreenwichWikipedia: Dominic Cooper
  23. 1980

    Abby Wambach, American soccer player and coach

    RochesterWikipedia: Abby Wambach
  24. 1937

    Sally Kellerman, American actress (died 2022)

    Long BeachWikipedia: Sally Kellerman
  25. 1978

    Yi So-yeon, biotechnologist and astronaut, the first Korean in space

    GwangjuWikipedia: Yi So-yeon
  26. 1423

    Ferdinand I of Naples (died 1494)

    ValenciaWikipedia: Ferdinand I of Naples
  27. 1941

    Stacy Keach, American actor

    SavannahWikipedia: Stacy Keach
  28. 1946

    Lasse Hallström, Swedish director, producer, and screenwriter

    Johannes parishWikipedia: Lasse Hallström
  29. 1977

    A.J. Styles, American wrestler

    JacksonvilleWikipedia: AJ Styles
  30. 1974

    Gata Kamsky, Russian-American chess player

    NovokuznetskWikipedia: Gata Kamsky
  31. 1955

    Mani Ratnam, Indian director, producer, and screenwriter

    MaduraiWikipedia: Mani Ratnam
  32. 1972

    Wayne Brady, American actor, comedian, game show host, and singer

    ColumbusWikipedia: Wayne Brady
  33. 1743

    Alessandro Cagliostro, Italian occultist and explorer (died 1795)

    PalermoWikipedia: Alessandro Cagliostro
  34. 1921

    Clair Patterson, American geochemist, determined age of the earth, discovered ubiquitous lead poisoning (died 1995)

    MitchellvilleWikipedia: Clair Patterson
  35. 1954

    Dennis Haysbert, American actor and producer

    San MateoWikipedia: Dennis Haysbert
  36. 1863

    Felix Weingartner, Croatian-Austrian pianist, composer, and conductor (died 1942)

    ZadarWikipedia: Felix Weingartner
  37. 1899

    Lotte Reiniger, German animator and director (died 1981)

    CharlottenburgWikipedia: Lotte Reiniger
  38. 1944

    Marvin Hamlisch, American composer and conductor (died 2012)

    ManhattanWikipedia: Marvin Hamlisch
  39. 1922

    Juan Antonio Bardem, Spanish director and screenwriter (died 2002)

    MadridWikipedia: Juan Antonio Bardem
  40. 1951

    Gilbert Baker, American artist, gay rights activist, and designer of the rainbow flag (died 2017)

    ChanuteWikipedia: Gilbert Baker
  41. 1305

    Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan, ruler of Ilkhanate (died 1335)

    TabrizWikipedia: Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan
  42. 1946

    Peter Sutcliffe, English serial killer (died 2020)

    BingleyWikipedia: Peter Sutcliffe
  43. 1953

    Cornel West, American philosopher, author, and academic

    TulsaWikipedia: Cornel West
  44. 1936

    Volodymyr Holubnychy, Ukrainian race walker (died 2021)

    SumyWikipedia: Volodymyr Holubnychy
  45. 1969

    Paulo Sérgio, Brazilian footballer

    São PauloWikipedia: Paulo Sérgio
  46. 1935

    Carol Shields, American-Canadian novelist and short story writer (died 2003)

    Oak ParkWikipedia: Carol Shields
  47. 1967

    Nadhim Zahawi, British politician

    BaghdadWikipedia: Nadhim Zahawi
  48. 1976

    Earl Boykins, American basketball player

    ClevelandWikipedia: Earl Boykins
  49. 1489

    Charles, Duke of Vendôme (died 1537)

    VendômeWikipedia: Charles, Duke of Vendôme
  50. 1891

    Takijirō Ōnishi, Japanese admiral and pilot (died 1945)

    AshidaWikipedia: Takijirō Ōnishi
  51. 1982

    Jewel Staite, Canadian actress

    White RockWikipedia: Jewel Staite
  52. 1992

    Pajtim Kasami, Swiss footballer

    StrugaWikipedia: Pajtim Kasami
  53. 1993

    Adam Taggart, Australian footballer

    PerthWikipedia: Adam Taggart
  54. 1943

    Crescenzio Sepe, Italian cardinal

    CarinaroWikipedia: Crescenzio Sepe
  55. 1955

    Dana Carvey, American comedian and actor

    MissoulaWikipedia: Dana Carvey
  56. 1915

    Lester del Rey, American science fiction author (died 1993)

    Saratoga TownshipWikipedia: Lester del Rey
  57. 1945

    Richard Long, English painter, sculptor, and photographer

    BristolWikipedia: Richard Long
  58. 1964

    Caroline Link, German director and screenwriter

    Bad NauheimWikipedia: Caroline Link
  59. 1978

    Nikki Cox, American actress

    Los AngelesWikipedia: Nikki Cox
  60. 1951

    Arnold Mühren, Dutch footballer and manager

    VolendamWikipedia: Arnold Mühren

What is celebrated on 2 June

  • Children's Day (North Korea)
  • Christian feast day: Ahudemmeh (Syriac Orthodox Church)
  • Christian feast day: Alexander (martyr)
  • Christian feast day: Elmo
  • Christian feast day: Felix of Nicosia
  • Christian feast day: Marcellinus and Peter
  • Christian feast day: Martyrs of Lyon, including Blandina
  • Christian feast day: Pope Eugene I
  • Christian feast day: Pothinus
  • Christian feast day: Blessed Sadok and 48 Dominican martyrs from Sandomierz
  • Christian feast day: June 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Civil Aviation Day (Azerbaijan)
  • Coronation of King Jigme Singye Wangchuck, also Social Forestry Day (Bhutan)
  • Day of Hristo Botev (Bulgaria)

A greeting link for someone

Type a name and, if you like, the year of birth. The link opens with a greeting, and beside each event it says how old the person turned that day, or how many years before their birth it happened.

The name and the year go only into the link you send.

Download the day’s picture

All 366 days

How the globe is made

Where the events come from

Each edition of this page uses the day’s list from Wikipedia in its own language: Romanian, English, Spanish, Chinese. The lists are written by volunteers and differ from one edition to the next; the text of each event is Wikipedia’s, with a link to the article. A row that appears twice in a list is shown once. The lists have not been checked event by event: they are Wikipedia’s, mistakes included.

For events before 1582, and for countries that moved to the Gregorian calendar later (Britain in 1752, Russia in 1918), the same day may be counted Old Style in one list and New Style in another.

The chapter “What the other Wikipedias remember” adds up to five events a day from the lists of the other three editions, only for years in which the English list has nothing on that day. They were translated for this page, passed the same filters as the tour, and are not counted among the events of the English list.

How an event gets onto the map

The place comes from Wikidata. If the sentence links to the article about the event itself (a battle, an opening, an earthquake), dated to the same year, the ray stands on its coordinates or on those of its location. Otherwise it stands on the first place the sentence links to: a town, a building, a mountain, an island. This second step can be wrong: sometimes the sentence only mentions the place. That is why the page says, under each event, which place the ray stands on.

When the sentence links to a single state or province, or to a single sea, lake or desert larger than 5,000 km², the globe shows a dashed circle, not a ray. The circle has the area Wikidata gives, with its radius kept between 1.2° and 16°, or a radius of 4.5° when Wikidata gives no area; it says only that the sentence links to that place. Organisations, ships, spacecraft, museum objects, rivers, mountain ranges, languages and continents are never used as places. When a sentence names several states and no exact place, the event stays in the list only.

What the height means

The height of a ray shows how many years have passed, on a logarithmic scale: 10 years, 100 years and 1,000 years are equal steps apart; anything older than about 2,600 years has the tallest ray. The colour runs from pale yellow for recent years to violet for antiquity.

Where the tour stops

In each region the tour stops at up to three events (five in Britain and Ireland), chosen mainly by three things: whether Wikipedia’s editors put the event in the “On this day” box of their main page (the English, Spanish and Chinese editions), how many Wikipedia editions have an article about it, and how many of the four lists include it. Events whose sentence or article is about a war, an attack, a crime or a disaster are left out of the tour; they stay in the whole list, in Wikipedia’s wording. The filter is a list of words and a list of Wikidata types, so it can miss some.

The tour of births names the people with articles in the most editions and leaves aside those whom the list or Wikidata describes as rulers, politicians, commanders, leaders of movements or criminals; they stay in the list.

The Earth and the Sun

The daytime images are NASA’s Blue Marble Next Generation mosaics, one for each month of 2004; the night side is Black Marble 2016. The tilt of the line between day and night is computed for the day; the hour is chosen so that the place being read is in daylight. The latitude where the Sun stands overhead is the average of the four years of the leap cycle; in a given year it can differ by up to 0.4°.

The day you were born

The number ones come from the weekly lists on Wikipedia: Billboard for the United States (from 1940; the Hot 100 from August 1958), the UK Singles Chart (from November 1952), Los 40 Principales for Spain (from July 1966) and, for Romania, the Romanian Top 100 and Airplay 100 (2001–2021, with missing weeks). The page shows the chart of the week in which the day of birth falls, with its date; Billboard and the UK chart are dated at the end of their week. For Romania before 2001 and for China these sources have no weekly chart.

The films are those that reached cinemas in the United States up to ten days before or three days after that day (some of them in a few cinemas at first), from the English Wikipedia’s yearly lists (from 1968), in order of how many editions have an article about them. The events “in those days” are the ones on the neighbouring days’ lists that carry the year of birth, passed through the same filter as the tour.

The day of birth, year included

The Moon, the star sign and the constellation are worked out by the page itself, for noon Universal Time on the day. The lit part of the Moon is rounded and can differ by a few per cent from that at the hour of birth. The sign follows the usual zodiac of twelve equal parts starting at the March equinox; the constellation is the one the Sun actually stood in front of, by the borders set by the International Astronomical Union, and within a day of a border the page does not name it. When the Sun changes sign while it is that day anywhere on Earth, the page gives the moment of crossing, rounded to ten minutes and accurate to within about a quarter of an hour, and the clock time in a few cities, with the time zone and summer time of that year.

The year in the Chinese calendar is the one your device’s own calendar gives for the date, checked against the Hong Kong Observatory’s tables. “All your birthdays” uses the same sources as the rest of the chapter for the same day in every year since the birth: the temperature, well-known launches that took place on that very day, matches of the teams the edition follows, snow deeper than 10 cm and strong geomagnetic storms. The three things at the top and the four on the picture are chosen in a fixed order (the song, the animal, a full Moon, a well-known launch before an ordinary earthquake); on the picture you can change them.

When the link carries a year of birth, the page adds a few things about that exact day. The weather is the Met Office’s Central England temperature record and the readings from New York’s Central Park; the “usual high” is the average of the daily highs of 1961–1990 for that date, with two days either side. The carbon dioxide figure is the monthly mean at the Mauna Loa observatory, where measurements begin in March 1958.

The earthquake is the one with the largest magnitude in the USGS catalogue for that day, counted in Universal Time. Before the 1960s the catalogue has gaps even above magnitude 5.5, so in the older years many days have no earthquake. The page gives only the magnitude and the place: the country the epicentre falls in or, when the epicentre is at sea within 300 km of a coast, the nearest country; farther out, only the ocean.

The launches are those that reached orbit or left for the Moon and the planets, from Jonathan McDowell’s GCAT catalogue. If nothing left that day, the page shows the nearest launch within three days before or after, and says how many days away it was. The geomagnetic storm appears only when the Kp index reached at least 5 in one of the day’s eight three-hour intervals.

The animal comes from GBIF: an observation made by a person (the animal seen or heard, or its tracks), dated to that exact day, with coordinates and a CC0 or CC BY licence. Only a few hundred well-known species are searched (mammals, birds, turtles, butterflies); of those noted that day, mammals and species with articles in many Wikipedia editions come first; birds noted almost every day, and species used recently, wait their turn. Observations dated 1 January are left out, because records without a day are often filed there. An observation shows that the animal was recorded there, not how many animals there were.

The matches are those between national teams. Only matches of England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland, the United States, Canada and Australia are shown, along with those at the big final tournaments. The picture to send is drawn in the page from the day’s globe and the facts above, and stays on your device until you send it.

Sources

More pages about birthdays