A birthday on the globe
2 November on the globe: what happened in the world on this day, and who was born
For 2 November, the English Wikipedia lists 50 events and 189 births. 23 of the events stand at their places as rays of light; five more are dashed circles, where the sentence links only to a country or a sea. The taller the ray, the longer ago it happened. The people born that day come further down, as blue points.
A birthday, yours or someone else’s:
Turn it into a greetingScroll: the globe turns to each place
The day you were born, on the globe.
Three things from your day
Scroll: your day first, then 2 November through the years
The Earth on 2 November
The picture on the globe was assembled by NASA from satellite photographs taken in November 2004: the snow, the ice and the green are those of the month.
On 2 November the Sun passes straight overhead at noon along the parallel of 14.7° south. In London, the day lasts about 9 hours 35 minutes.
Beyond 75° south the Sun no longer sets; beyond 75° north it no longer rises.
The line between day and night is tilted on the globe exactly as on this day of the year. On the dark side you can see the lights of towns.
Europe · The Hague
1949
The Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference ends with the Netherlands agreeing to transfer sovereignty of the Dutch East Indies to the United States of Indonesia.
On the map: The Hague.
Latin America · 2008 Brazilian Grand Prix
2008
Lewis Hamilton secured his maiden Formula One Drivers' Championship Title by one point ahead of Felipe Massa at the Brazilian Grand Prix, after a pass for fifth place against the Toyota of Timo Glock on the final lap of the race.
On the map: the coordinates Wikidata gives for the article “2008 Brazilian Grand Prix”.
North America · KDKA
1920
In the United States, KDKA of Pittsburgh starts broadcasting as the first commercial radio station. The first broadcast is the result of the 1920 United States presidential election.
On the map: KDKA.
Also on the day’s list of Wikipedia in Spanish.
North America · Levelland, Texas
1957
A large number of people witnessed a fiery object in the sky near Levelland, Texas, which the United States Air Force said was ball lightning.
On the map: Levelland, Texas.
North America · Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1988
The Morris worm, the first Internet-distributed computer worm to gain significant mainstream media attention, is launched from MIT.
On the map: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Also on the day’s list of Wikipedia in Spanish.
2 November
What the other Wikipedias remember#
For these years the English list has nothing on this day. The events below come from the same day’s lists on Wikipedia in Spanish and were translated for this page.
From Wikipedia in Spanish · University of Minnesota
1898
At the University of Minnesota, the custom of cheering on an American football team begins.
On the map: University of Minnesota.
Translated from the list on Wikipedia in Spanish.
The article on Wikipedia in Spanish: Universidad de Minnesota
2 November
Born on 2 November#
The English Wikipedia lists 189 births for this day. The blue points are the birthplaces of 60 of these people: those written about in the most Wikipedia editions, where Wikidata gives a place of birth.
Born on 2 November
1965
Shah Rukh Khan, Indian film actor, producer and television host
Place of birth: New Delhi.
Born on 2 November
1815
George Boole, English mathematician and philosopher (died 1864)
Place of birth: Lincoln.
Born on 2 November
1911
Odysseas Elytis, Greek poet and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1996)
Place of birth: Heraklion.
Born on 2 November
1913
Burt Lancaster, American actor (died 1994)
Place of birth: New York City.
Born on 2 November
1906
Luchino Visconti, Italian director and screenwriter (died 1976)
Place of birth: Milan.
Born in Britain and Ireland
1944
Keith Emerson, English pianist, keyboard player, and composer (died 2016)
Place of birth: Todmorden.
Born in Britain and Ireland
1928
Paul Johnson, English journalist, historian, and author (died 2023)
Place of birth: Manchester.
Born in Britain and Ireland
1959
Peter Mullan, Scottish actor, director, and screenwriter
Place of birth: Peterhead.
2 November
Number one in the charts that week
At the cinema
An animal recorded that day
The record can be seen in GBIF, which brings together wildlife records from around the world.
All your birthdays
The weather that day
Data: Met Office Hadley Centre (HadCET); NOAA (GHCN-Daily, Mauna Loa).
Above the Earth
Sources: Jonathan McDowell, GCAT (launches); GFZ Potsdam (Kp index). Days are counted in Universal Time.
Football that day
International matches played that day:
Source: the “International football results” dataset kept by Mart Jürisoo (CC0).
Also that day
The earthquake’s page at the USGS
Source: the USGS catalogue. The day is counted in Universal Time (UTC).
In those days
Make a link for someone
Type the name, pick the day and the year of birth. The link opens straight on their day, with their name in the greeting.
The link carries the name, date and place typed here; anyone who gets it can see them.
Put another birthday beside it
Your mother’s, your child’s, a friend’s: the two days appear side by side.
Below: 2 November through the years.
The whole globe of the day
Drag the globe to turn it. Touch a ray or a point to read what happened there.
Everything Wikipedia lists for 2 November
The list is the English Wikipedia’s, in its own wording, as it stood in October 2026. 22 events have no place on the map: the sentence links to no place with coordinates, only to places too wide to mark, or to several countries.
- 619
A qaghan of the Western Turkic Khaganate is assassinated in a Chinese palace by Eastern Turkic rivals after the approval of Tang emperor Gaozu.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Tang campaigns against the Western Turks - 1410
The Peace of Bicêtre suspends hostilities in the Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War.
Europe · Bicêtre HospitalWikipedia: Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War - 1675
Plymouth Colony governor Josiah Winslow leads a colonial militia against the Narragansett during King Philip's War.
no place on the mapWikipedia: King Philip's War - 1707
Four British naval vessels run aground on the Isles of Scilly because of faulty navigation. In response, the first Longitude Act is enacted in 1714.
Britain & Ireland · Scilly naval disaster of 1707Wikipedia: Scilly naval disaster of 1707 - 1795
The French Directory, a five-man revolutionary government, is created.
no place on the mapWikipedia: French Directory - 1868
Time zone: New Zealand officially adopts a standard time to be observed nationally.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Time zone - 1880
James A. Garfield was elected as president of the United States; the election is the closest to date by popular vote margin.
no place on the mapWikipedia: 1880 United States presidential election - 1882
The great fire destroys a large part of Oulu's city center in Oulu Province, Finland.
Europe · Great Oulu fire of 1882Wikipedia: Great Oulu fire of 1882 - 1889
North Dakota and South Dakota are admitted as the 39th and 40th U.S. states.
no place on the mapWikipedia: North Dakota - 1899
The Boers begin their 118-day siege of British-held Ladysmith during the Second Boer War.
Africa · Siege of LadysmithWikipedia: Siege of Ladysmith - 1912
Bulgaria defeats the Ottoman Empire in the Battle of Lule Burgas, the bloodiest battle of the First Balkan War, which opens her way to Constantinople.
Asia · Battle of Lule BurgasWikipedia: First Balkan War - 1914
World War I: The Russian Empire declares war on the Ottoman Empire and the Dardanelles is subsequently closed.
no place on the mapWikipedia: World War I - 1917
The Balfour Declaration proclaims British support for the "establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people" with the clear understanding "that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities".
Asia · PalestineWikipedia: Balfour Declaration - 1917
The Military Revolutionary Committee of the Petrograd Soviet, in charge of preparation and carrying out the Russian Revolution, holds its first meeting.
Asia · Russian EmpireWikipedia: Russian Revolution - 1920
In the United States, KDKA of Pittsburgh starts broadcasting as the first commercial radio station. The first broadcast is the result of the 1920 United States presidential election.
North America · KDKAWikipedia: KDKA - 1920
The Ocoee massacre commences in Orange County, Florida on the day of the 1920 United States presidential election.
North America · Ocoee massacreWikipedia: Ocoee massacre - 1932
The Australian military began a "war against emus", flightless native birds blamed for widespread damage to crops in Western Australia.
Oceania · Emu WarWikipedia: Emu War - 1936
The BBC Television Service, the world's first regular, "high-definition" (then defined as at least 200 lines) service begins. Renamed BBC1 in 1964, the channel still runs to this day.
no place on the mapWikipedia: BBC Television - 1940
World War II: First day of Battle of Elaia–Kalamas between the Greeks and the Italians.
Europe · Battle of Elaia–KalamasWikipedia: World War II - 1943
World War II: A U.S. Navy task force turned away an Imperial Japanese Navy formation at the Battle of Empress Augusta Bay, thus protecting the landings at Cape Torokina.
Oceania · Landings at Cape TorokinaWikipedia: Landings at Cape Torokina - 1947
In California, designer Howard Hughes performs the maiden (and only) flight of the Hughes H-4 Hercules (also known as the "Spruce Goose"), the largest fixed-wing aircraft ever built until Scaled Composites rolled out their Stratolaunch in May 2017.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Howard Hughes - 1949
The Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference ends with the Netherlands agreeing to transfer sovereignty of the Dutch East Indies to the United States of Indonesia.
Europe · The HagueWikipedia: Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference - 1951
Canada in the Korean War: A platoon of The Royal Canadian Regiment defends a vital area against a full battalion of Chinese troops in the Battle of the Song-gok Spur. The engagement lasts into the early hours the next day.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Canada in the Korean War - 1956
Hungarian Revolution: Nikita Khrushchev meets with leaders of other Communist countries to seek their advice on the situation in Hungary, selecting János Kádár as the country's next leader on the advice of Josip Broz Tito.
Europe · Hungarian People's RepublicWikipedia: Hungarian Revolution of 1956 - 1956
Suez Crisis: Israel occupies the Gaza Strip.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Suez Crisis - 1957
A large number of people witnessed a fiery object in the sky near Levelland, Texas, which the United States Air Force said was ball lightning.
North America · Levelland, TexasWikipedia: Levelland UFO case - 1959
Quiz show scandals: Twenty-One game show contestant Charles Van Doren admits to a Congressional committee that he had been given questions and answers in advance.
North America · United States CongressWikipedia: 1950s quiz show scandals - 1959
The first section of the M1 motorway, the first inter-urban motorway in the United Kingdom, is opened between the present junctions 5 and 18, along with the M10 motorway and M45 motorway.
no place on the mapWikipedia: M1 motorway - 1960
Penguin Books is found not guilty of obscenity in the trial R v Penguin Books Ltd, the Lady Chatterley's Lover case.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Penguin Books - 1963
South Vietnamese President Ngô Đình Diệm is assassinated following a military coup.
Asia · Ho Chi Minh CityWikipedia: Arrest and assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem - 1964
King Saud of Saudi Arabia is deposed by a family coup, and replaced by his half-brother Faisal.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Saud of Saudi Arabia - 1965
Norman Morrison, a 31-year-old Quaker, sets himself on fire in front of the river entrance to the Pentagon to protest the use of napalm in the Vietnam war.
North America · The PentagonWikipedia: The Pentagon - 1966
The Cuban Adjustment Act comes into force, allowing 123,000 Cubans the opportunity to apply for permanent residence in the United States.
Latin America · CubaWikipedia: Cuban Adjustment Act - 1967
Vietnam War: US President Lyndon B. Johnson and "The Wise Men" conclude that the American people should be given more optimistic reports on the progress of the war.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Vietnam War - 1973
Aeroflot Flight 19 is hijacked and diverted to Vnukovo International Airport, where the aircraft is stormed by authorities.
Europe · Aeroflot Flight 19Wikipedia: Aeroflot Flight 19 - 1982
Channel 4, the British free-to-air public broadcast television channel funded by its commercial activities, starts broadcasting.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Channel 4 - 1983
U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs a bill creating Martin Luther King Jr. Day.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Ronald Reagan - 1984
Capital punishment: Velma Barfield becomes the first woman executed in the United States since 1962.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Capital punishment - 1986
Lebanon hostage crisis: U.S. hostage David Jacobsen is released in Beirut after 17 months in captivity.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Lebanon hostage crisis - 1988
LOT Polish Airlines Flight 703 crashes in Białobrzegi, Podkarpackie Voivodeship, Poland, killing one person and injuring several more.
Europe · LOT Polish Airlines Flight 703Wikipedia: LOT Polish Airlines Flight 703 - 1988
The Morris worm, the first Internet-distributed computer worm to gain significant mainstream media attention, is launched from MIT.
North America · Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyWikipedia: Massachusetts Institute of Technology - 1990
British Satellite Broadcasting and Sky Television plc merge to form BSkyB as a result of massive losses.
no place on the mapWikipedia: British Satellite Broadcasting - 1994
A lightning strike ruptured three oil tanks near Dronka, Egypt, causing a flood that killed 469 people.
Africa · 1994 Durunka floods and lightning strikeWikipedia: 1994 Durunka floods and lightning strike - 1997
Tropical Storm Linda makes landfall in the Mekong Delta in Vietnam, causing more than 3,000 deaths.
Asia · Mekong DeltaWikipedia: Tropical Storm Linda - 1999
Honolulu shootings: In the worst mass murder in the history of Hawaii, a gunman shoots at eight people in his workplace, killing seven.
North America · Xerox murdersWikipedia: Xerox murders - 2000
Expedition 1 arrived at the International Space Station for the first long-duration stay onboard. From this day to present, a continuous human presence in space on the station remains uninterrupted.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Expedition 1 - 2008
Lewis Hamilton secured his maiden Formula One Drivers' Championship Title by one point ahead of Felipe Massa at the Brazilian Grand Prix, after a pass for fifth place against the Toyota of Timo Glock on the final lap of the race.
Latin America · 2008 Brazilian Grand PrixWikipedia: 2008 Brazilian Grand Prix - 2016
The Chicago Cubs defeat the Cleveland Indians in the World Series, ending the longest Major League Baseball championship drought at 108 years.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Chicago Cubs - 2020
In Vienna's Innere Stadt district, an ISIL sympathizer shoots and kills four people and injures 23 more, before being shot and killed by the police.
Europe · 2020 Vienna attackWikipedia: 2020 Vienna attack - 2022
A peace agreement is signed between the Ethiopian government and the Tigray People's Liberation Front, ending the Tigray War.
Africa · PretoriaWikipedia: Ethiopia–Tigray peace agreement
What the other Wikipedias remember
For these years the English list has nothing on this day. The events below come from the same day’s lists on Wikipedia in Spanish and were translated for this page.
- 1898
At the University of Minnesota, the custom of cheering on an American football team begins.
North America · University of MinnesotaTranslated from the list on Wikipedia in SpanishWikipedia: Universidad de Minnesota
Who was born on 2 November
In order of how many Wikipedia editions have an article about each. The first 60 of 189 are shown.
- 1795
James K. Polk, American lawyer and politician, 11th President of the United States (died 1849)
PinevilleWikipedia: James K. Polk - 1865
Warren G. Harding, American journalist and politician, 29th President of the United States (died 1923)
Blooming GroveWikipedia: Warren G. Harding - 1965
Shah Rukh Khan, Indian film actor, producer and television host
New DelhiWikipedia: Shah Rukh Khan - 1755
Marie Antoinette, Austrian-French queen consort of Louis XVI of France (died 1793)
Hofburg PalaceWikipedia: Marie Antoinette - 1815
George Boole, English mathematician and philosopher (died 1864)
LincolnWikipedia: George Boole - 1911
Odysseas Elytis, Greek poet and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1996)
HeraklionWikipedia: Odysseas Elytis - 1913
Burt Lancaster, American actor (died 1994)
New York CityWikipedia: Burt Lancaster - 1963
Borut Pahor, Slovenian lawyer and politician, 4th President of Slovenia
PostojnaWikipedia: Borut Pahor - 1844
Mehmed V, Ottoman sultan (died 1918)
Çırağan PalaceWikipedia: Mehmed V - 1906
Luchino Visconti, Italian director and screenwriter (died 1976)
- 1966
David Schwimmer, American actor
FlushingWikipedia: David Schwimmer - 1470
Edward V, King of England (died 1483)
WestminsterWikipedia: Edward V - 971
Mahmud of Ghazni (died 1030)
- 1929
Richard E. Taylor, Canadian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2018)
Medicine HatWikipedia: Richard E. Taylor - 1938
Queen Sofía of Spain, Queen Consort of King Juan Carlos of Spain
Psychiko PalaceWikipedia: Queen Sofía of Spain - 1847
Georges Sorel, French philosopher and author (died 1922)
CherbourgWikipedia: Georges Sorel - 1808
Jules Amédée Barbey d'Aurevilly, French author and critic (died 1889)
Saint-Sauveur-le-VicomteWikipedia: Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly - 1885
Harlow Shapley, American astronomer and academic (died 1972)
NashvilleWikipedia: Harlow Shapley - 1892
Alice Brady, American actress (died 1939)
New York CityWikipedia: Alice Brady - 1699
Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin, French painter and educator (died 1779)
- 1974
Nelly, American rapper
AustinWikipedia: Nelly - 1980
Diego Lugano, Uruguayan footballer
CanelonesWikipedia: Diego Lugano - 1946
Alan Jones, Australian race car driver and sportscaster
MelbourneWikipedia: Alan Jones - 1981
Esha Deol is an Indian actress who appears in Hindi films.
MumbaiWikipedia: Esha Deol - 2001
Moisés Caicedo, Ecuadorian footballer
Santo DomingoWikipedia: Moisés Caicedo - 1938
Pat Buchanan, American journalist and politician
Washington, D.C.Wikipedia: Pat Buchanan - 1949
Lois McMaster Bujold, American author
ColumbusWikipedia: Lois McMaster Bujold - 1927
Steve Ditko, American author and illustrator (died 2018)
JohnstownWikipedia: Steve Ditko - 1929
Muhammad Rafiq Tarar, Pakistani judge and politician, 9th President of Pakistan (died 2022)
GujranwalaWikipedia: Rafiq Tarar - 1944
Keith Emerson, English pianist, keyboard player, and composer (died 2016)
TodmordenWikipedia: Keith Emerson - 1549
Anna of Austria, Queen of Spain (died 1580)
Palace of the Counts of Benavente, CigalesWikipedia: Anna of Austria, Queen of Spain - 1944
Patrice Chéreau, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (died 2013)
LézignéWikipedia: Patrice Chéreau - 1734
Daniel Boone, American hunter and explorer (died 1820)
Oley ValleyWikipedia: Daniel Boone - 1877
Aga Khan III, Indian 48th Shia Imam (died 1957)
KarachiWikipedia: Aga Khan III - 1901
James Dunn, American actor (died 1967)
New York CityWikipedia: James Dunn - 1934
Ken Rosewall, Australian tennis player
SydneyWikipedia: Ken Rosewall - 1939
Richard Serra, American sculptor and academic (died 2024)
San FranciscoWikipedia: Richard Serra - 1961
k.d. lang, Canadian singer-songwriter, producer, and actress
EdmontonWikipedia: K.d. lang - 1917
Ann Rutherford, American actress (died 2012)
VancouverWikipedia: Ann Rutherford - 1988
Julia Görges, German tennis player
Bad OldesloeWikipedia: Julia Görges - 1914
Ray Walston, American actor (died 2001)
LaurelWikipedia: Ray Walston - 1990
Kendall Schmidt, American singer, songwriter, and actor
WichitaWikipedia: Kendall Schmidt - 1890
Moa Martinson, Swedish author (died 1964)
- 1981
Katharine Isabelle, Canadian actress
VancouverWikipedia: Katharine Isabelle - 1709
Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange (died 1759)
Herrenhausen-StöckenWikipedia: Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange - 1967
Scott Walker, American politician, 45th Governor of Wisconsin
Colorado SpringsWikipedia: Scott Walker - 1973
Marisol Nichols, American actress
ChicagoWikipedia: Marisol Nichols - 1995
Hanna Öberg, Swedish biathlete
KirunaWikipedia: Hanna Öberg - 1982
Charles Itandje, French footballer
BobignyWikipedia: Charles Itandje - 1941
Arun Shourie, Indian journalist, economist, and politician, Indian Minister of Communications
JalandharWikipedia: Arun Shourie - 1963
Brian Kemp, American politician, 83rd Governor of Georgia
AthensWikipedia: Brian Kemp - 1976
Thierry Omeyer, French handball goalkeeper
MulhouseWikipedia: Thierry Omeyer - 1928
Paul Johnson, English journalist, historian, and author (died 2023)
ManchesterWikipedia: Paul Johnson - 1942
Shere Hite, German sexologist, author, and educator (died 2020)
St. JosephWikipedia: Shere Hite - 1964
Lauren Vélez, American actress
BrooklynWikipedia: Lauren Vélez - 1946
Giuseppe Sinopoli, Italian conductor and composer (died 2001)
- 1959
Peter Mullan, Scottish actor, director, and screenwriter
PeterheadWikipedia: Peter Mullan - 1942
Stefanie Powers, American actress
HollywoodWikipedia: Stefanie Powers - 1972
Darío Silva, Uruguayan footballer and coach
Treinta y TresWikipedia: Darío Silva - 1929
Amar Bose, American engineer and businessman, founded the Bose Corporation (died 2013)
PhiladelphiaWikipedia: Amar Bose
What is celebrated on 2 November
- Christian feast day: Agapius and companions
- Christian feast day: Domninus of Vienne
- Christian feast day: Erc of Slane (Ireland)
- Christian feast day: Justus of Trieste
- Christian feast day: Victorinus of Pettau
- Christian feast day: November 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- All Souls' Day (Roman Catholic Church and Anglican Communion)
- Coronation of Haile Selassie (Rastafari)
- Day of the Dead, the second day of Day of the Dead or El Dia de los Muertos celebration (Mexico)
- Dziady (Belarus)
- Arrival of Indentured Labourers (Mauritius)
- International Day to End Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists (United Nations)
- Statehood Day (North Dakota and South Dakota, United States)
A greeting link for someone
Type a name and, if you like, the year of birth. The link opens with a greeting, and beside each event it says how old the person turned that day, or how many years before their birth it happened.
The name and the year go only into the link you send.
All 366 days
How the globe is made
Where the events come from
Each edition of this page uses the day’s list from Wikipedia in its own language: Romanian, English, Spanish, Chinese. The lists are written by volunteers and differ from one edition to the next; the text of each event is Wikipedia’s, with a link to the article. A row that appears twice in a list is shown once. The lists have not been checked event by event: they are Wikipedia’s, mistakes included.
For events before 1582, and for countries that moved to the Gregorian calendar later (Britain in 1752, Russia in 1918), the same day may be counted Old Style in one list and New Style in another.
The chapter “What the other Wikipedias remember” adds up to five events a day from the lists of the other three editions, only for years in which the English list has nothing on that day. They were translated for this page, passed the same filters as the tour, and are not counted among the events of the English list.
How an event gets onto the map
The place comes from Wikidata. If the sentence links to the article about the event itself (a battle, an opening, an earthquake), dated to the same year, the ray stands on its coordinates or on those of its location. Otherwise it stands on the first place the sentence links to: a town, a building, a mountain, an island. This second step can be wrong: sometimes the sentence only mentions the place. That is why the page says, under each event, which place the ray stands on.
When the sentence links to a single state or province, or to a single sea, lake or desert larger than 5,000 km², the globe shows a dashed circle, not a ray. The circle has the area Wikidata gives, with its radius kept between 1.2° and 16°, or a radius of 4.5° when Wikidata gives no area; it says only that the sentence links to that place. Organisations, ships, spacecraft, museum objects, rivers, mountain ranges, languages and continents are never used as places. When a sentence names several states and no exact place, the event stays in the list only.
What the height means
The height of a ray shows how many years have passed, on a logarithmic scale: 10 years, 100 years and 1,000 years are equal steps apart; anything older than about 2,600 years has the tallest ray. The colour runs from pale yellow for recent years to violet for antiquity.
Where the tour stops
In each region the tour stops at up to three events (five in Britain and Ireland), chosen mainly by three things: whether Wikipedia’s editors put the event in the “On this day” box of their main page (the English, Spanish and Chinese editions), how many Wikipedia editions have an article about it, and how many of the four lists include it. Events whose sentence or article is about a war, an attack, a crime or a disaster are left out of the tour; they stay in the whole list, in Wikipedia’s wording. The filter is a list of words and a list of Wikidata types, so it can miss some.
The tour of births names the people with articles in the most editions and leaves aside those whom the list or Wikidata describes as rulers, politicians, commanders, leaders of movements or criminals; they stay in the list.
The Earth and the Sun
The daytime images are NASA’s Blue Marble Next Generation mosaics, one for each month of 2004; the night side is Black Marble 2016. The tilt of the line between day and night is computed for the day; the hour is chosen so that the place being read is in daylight. The latitude where the Sun stands overhead is the average of the four years of the leap cycle; in a given year it can differ by up to 0.4°.
The day you were born
The number ones come from the weekly lists on Wikipedia: Billboard for the United States (from 1940; the Hot 100 from August 1958), the UK Singles Chart (from November 1952), Los 40 Principales for Spain (from July 1966) and, for Romania, the Romanian Top 100 and Airplay 100 (2001–2021, with missing weeks). The page shows the chart of the week in which the day of birth falls, with its date; Billboard and the UK chart are dated at the end of their week. For Romania before 2001 and for China these sources have no weekly chart.
The films are those that reached cinemas in the United States up to ten days before or three days after that day (some of them in a few cinemas at first), from the English Wikipedia’s yearly lists (from 1968), in order of how many editions have an article about them. The events “in those days” are the ones on the neighbouring days’ lists that carry the year of birth, passed through the same filter as the tour.
The day of birth, year included
The Moon, the star sign and the constellation are worked out by the page itself, for noon Universal Time on the day. The lit part of the Moon is rounded and can differ by a few per cent from that at the hour of birth. The sign follows the usual zodiac of twelve equal parts starting at the March equinox; the constellation is the one the Sun actually stood in front of, by the borders set by the International Astronomical Union, and within a day of a border the page does not name it. When the Sun changes sign while it is that day anywhere on Earth, the page gives the moment of crossing, rounded to ten minutes and accurate to within about a quarter of an hour, and the clock time in a few cities, with the time zone and summer time of that year.
The year in the Chinese calendar is the one your device’s own calendar gives for the date, checked against the Hong Kong Observatory’s tables. “All your birthdays” uses the same sources as the rest of the chapter for the same day in every year since the birth: the temperature, well-known launches that took place on that very day, matches of the teams the edition follows, snow deeper than 10 cm and strong geomagnetic storms. The three things at the top and the four on the picture are chosen in a fixed order (the song, the animal, a full Moon, a well-known launch before an ordinary earthquake); on the picture you can change them.
When the link carries a year of birth, the page adds a few things about that exact day. The weather is the Met Office’s Central England temperature record and the readings from New York’s Central Park; the “usual high” is the average of the daily highs of 1961–1990 for that date, with two days either side. The carbon dioxide figure is the monthly mean at the Mauna Loa observatory, where measurements begin in March 1958.
The earthquake is the one with the largest magnitude in the USGS catalogue for that day, counted in Universal Time. Before the 1960s the catalogue has gaps even above magnitude 5.5, so in the older years many days have no earthquake. The page gives only the magnitude and the place: the country the epicentre falls in or, when the epicentre is at sea within 300 km of a coast, the nearest country; farther out, only the ocean.
The launches are those that reached orbit or left for the Moon and the planets, from Jonathan McDowell’s GCAT catalogue. If nothing left that day, the page shows the nearest launch within three days before or after, and says how many days away it was. The geomagnetic storm appears only when the Kp index reached at least 5 in one of the day’s eight three-hour intervals.
The animal comes from GBIF: an observation made by a person (the animal seen or heard, or its tracks), dated to that exact day, with coordinates and a CC0 or CC BY licence. Only a few hundred well-known species are searched (mammals, birds, turtles, butterflies); of those noted that day, mammals and species with articles in many Wikipedia editions come first; birds noted almost every day, and species used recently, wait their turn. Observations dated 1 January are left out, because records without a day are often filed there. An observation shows that the animal was recorded there, not how many animals there were.
The matches are those between national teams. Only matches of England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland, the United States, Canada and Australia are shown, along with those at the big final tournaments. The picture to send is drawn in the page from the day’s globe and the facts above, and stays on your device until you send it.
Sources
- Events, births and holidays: the day’s page on Wikipedia, text under CC BY-SA 4.0.
- Coordinates, places of birth and the number of editions: Wikidata (CC0).
- The Earth by day: NASA Blue Marble Next Generation. The Earth by night: NASA Black Marble 2016.
- Borders and regions: Natural Earth.
- World population and births per year: UN World Population Prospects 2024.
- Charts and films: Wikipedia’s lists for Billboard, the UK Singles Chart, Los 40 Principales, Romanian Top 100, Airplay 100 and American films by year (CC BY-SA 4.0).
- Weather: Met Office Hadley Centre, HadCET (Open Government Licence) and NOAA GHCN-Daily, New York Central Park. Carbon dioxide: NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, Mauna Loa.
- Earthquakes: the USGS catalogue. Launches: Jonathan McDowell, GCAT (CC BY). Kp index: GFZ Potsdam (CC BY 4.0). Matches: International football results, Mart Jürisoo (CC0).
- Animal observations: GBIF, with a link to each record; species names come from Wikidata.