A birthday on the globe
6 August on the globe: what happened in the world on this day, and who was born
For 6 August, the English Wikipedia lists 52 events and 172 births. 30 of the events stand at their places as rays of light; eight more are dashed circles, where the sentence links only to a country or a sea. The taller the ray, the longer ago it happened. The people born that day come further down, as blue points.
A birthday, yours or someone else’s:
Turn it into a greetingScroll: the globe turns to each place
The day you were born, on the globe.
Three things from your day
Scroll: your day first, then 6 August through the years
The Earth on 6 August
The picture on the globe was assembled by NASA from satellite photographs taken in August 2004: the snow, the ice and the green are those of the month.
On 6 August the Sun passes straight overhead at noon along the parallel of 16.7° north. In London, the day lasts about 15 hours 10 minutes.
Beyond 73° north the Sun no longer sets; beyond 73° south it no longer rises.
The line between day and night is tilted on the globe exactly as on this day of the year. On the dark side you can see the lights of towns.
Europe · The Hague
1661
The Treaty of The Hague is signed by Portugal and the Dutch Republic.
On the map: The Hague.
Oceania · Sydney
1986
A low-pressure system that redeveloped off the New South Wales coast dumps a record 328 millimeters (13 inches) of rain in a day on Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
On the map: Sydney.
Latin America · Bogotá
1538
Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.
On the map: Bogotá.
Also on the day’s list of Wikipedia in Spanish and Chinese.
North America · Constitutional Convention
1787
Sixty proof sheets of the Constitution of the United States are delivered to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
On the map: the coordinates Wikidata gives for the article “Constitutional Convention”.
North America · United States Congress
1942
Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands becomes the first reigning queen to address a joint session of the United States Congress.
On the map: United States Congress.
Also on the day’s list of Wikipedia in Romanian.
North America · St. Nicholas Rink
1956
After going bankrupt in 1955, the American broadcaster DuMont Television Network makes its final broadcast, a boxing match from St. Nicholas Arena in New York in the Boxing from St. Nicholas Arena series.
On the map: St. Nicholas Rink.
Oceans · Allan Hills 84001
1996
NASA announces that the ALH 84001 meteorite, thought to originate from Mars, contains evidence of primitive life-forms.
On the map: Allan Hills 84001.
6 August
What the other Wikipedias remember#
For these years the English list has nothing on this day. The events below come from the same day’s lists on Wikipedia in Romanian and Spanish and were translated for this page.
From Wikipedia in Romanian · Berlin
1791
The Brandenburg Gate in Berlin is inaugurated.
On the map: Berlin.
Translated from the list on Wikipedia in Romanian.
From Wikipedia in Spanish · Marseille
1792
In Paris (France), 600 republicans chosen from Marseille parade through the city singing a new song that will soon become a symbol of the French Revolution: La Marseillaise.
On the map: Marseille.
Translated from the list on Wikipedia in Spanish.
From Wikipedia in Spanish · Venice
1932
In Venice (Italy), the first film festival opens.
On the map: Venice.
Translated from the list on Wikipedia in Spanish.
The article on Wikipedia in Spanish: Festival Internacional de Cine de Venecia
6 August
Born on 6 August#
The English Wikipedia lists 172 births for this day. The blue points are the birthplaces of 60 of these people: those written about in the most Wikipedia editions, where Wikidata gives a place of birth.
Born on 6 August
1928
Andy Warhol, American painter, photographer and film director (died 1987)
Place of birth: Pittsburgh.
Born on 6 August
1881
Alexander Fleming, Scottish biologist, pharmacologist, and botanist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1955)
Place of birth: Lochfield.
Born on 6 August
1809
Alfred, Lord Tennyson, English poet (died 1892)
Place of birth: Somersby.
Born on 6 August
1983
Robin van Persie, Dutch footballer
Place of birth: Rotterdam.
Born on 6 August
1911
Lucille Ball, American actress, television producer and businesswoman (died 1989)
Place of birth: Jamestown.
Born in Britain and Ireland
1972
Geri Halliwell, English singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress
Place of birth: Watford General Hospital.
Born in Britain and Ireland
1766
William Hyde Wollaston, English chemist and physicist (died 1828)
Place of birth: Dereham.
Born in Britain and Ireland
1937
Barbara Windsor, English actress (died 2020)
Place of birth: Shoreditch.
6 August
Number one in the charts that week
At the cinema
An animal recorded that day
The record can be seen in GBIF, which brings together wildlife records from around the world.
All your birthdays
The weather that day
Data: Met Office Hadley Centre (HadCET); NOAA (GHCN-Daily, Mauna Loa).
Above the Earth
Sources: Jonathan McDowell, GCAT (launches); GFZ Potsdam (Kp index). Days are counted in Universal Time.
Football that day
International matches played that day:
Source: the “International football results” dataset kept by Mart Jürisoo (CC0).
Also that day
The earthquake’s page at the USGS
Source: the USGS catalogue. The day is counted in Universal Time (UTC).
In those days
Make a link for someone
Type the name, pick the day and the year of birth. The link opens straight on their day, with their name in the greeting.
The link carries the name, date and place typed here; anyone who gets it can see them.
Put another birthday beside it
Your mother’s, your child’s, a friend’s: the two days appear side by side.
Below: 6 August through the years.
The whole globe of the day
Drag the globe to turn it. Touch a ray or a point to read what happened there.
Everything Wikipedia lists for 6 August
The list is the English Wikipedia’s, in its own wording, as it stood in October 2026. 14 events have no place on the map: the sentence links to no place with coordinates, only to places too wide to mark, or to several countries.
- 258
Pope Sixtus II is arrested while celebrating mass and then beheaded with several of his deacons.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Pope Sixtus II - 686
The Umayyad forces suffer a decisive defeat against the pro-Alid forces under Ibrahim ibn al-Ashtar in the battle of Khazir.
Asia · Battle of KhazirWikipedia: Battle of Khazir - 768
Antipope Constantine II is deposed and blinded by the Lombard troops of primicerius Christopher.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Antipope Constantine II - 1284
The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria by the Republic of Genoa, thus losing its naval dominance in the Mediterranean.
Europe · Battle of MeloriaWikipedia: Battle of Meloria - 1538
Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada.
Latin America · BogotáWikipedia: Bogotá - 1585
Toyotomi Hideyoshi is officially appointed kampaku (Imperial Regent).
no place on the mapWikipedia: Toyotomi Hideyoshi - 1623
After the death of Gregory XV, a papal conclave in Rome elected Maffeo Barberini as Pope Urban VIII.
Europe · 1623 conclaveWikipedia: 1623 conclave - 1661
The Treaty of The Hague is signed by Portugal and the Dutch Republic.
Europe · The HagueWikipedia: Treaty of The Hague - 1777
American Revolutionary War: The bloody Battle of Oriskany prevents American relief of the Siege of Fort Stanwix.
North America · Battle of OriskanyWikipedia: Battle of Oriskany - 1787
Sixty proof sheets of the Constitution of the United States are delivered to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
North America · Constitutional ConventionWikipedia: Constitutional Convention - 1806
Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, declares the moribund empire to be dissolved, although he retains power in the Austrian Empire.
Europe · Austrian EmpireWikipedia: Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire - 1819
Norwich University is founded in Vermont as the first private military school in the United States.
North America · Norwich UniversityWikipedia: Norwich University - 1824
Peruvian War of Independence: Patriot forces led by Simón Bolívar defeat the Spanish Royalist army in the Battle of Junín.
Latin America · Battle of JunínWikipedia: Battle of Junín - 1825
The Bolivian Declaration of Independence is proclaimed.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Bolivian Declaration of Independence - 1861
Britain imposes the Lagos Treaty of Cession to suppress slavery in what is now Nigeria.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Lagos Treaty of Cession - 1862
American Civil War: The Confederate ironclad CSS Arkansas is scuttled on the Mississippi River after suffering catastrophic engine failure near Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
North America · Baton Rouge, LouisianaWikipedia: American Civil War - 1870
Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Spicheren is fought, resulting in a German victory.
Europe · Battle of SpicherenWikipedia: Battle of Spicheren - 1870
Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Wörth results in a decisive German victory.
Europe · Battle of WörthWikipedia: Battle of Wörth - 1890
At Auburn Prison in New York, murderer William Kemmler becomes the first person to be executed by electric chair.
North America · Auburn Correctional FacilityWikipedia: Auburn Correctional Facility - 1892
The Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company was founded in Antwerp to exploit natural rubber in the Congo Free State.
Africa · Congo Free StateWikipedia: Abir Congo Company - 1901
Kiowa land in Oklahoma is opened for white settlement, effectively dissolving the contiguous reservation.
North America · OklahomaWikipedia: Kiowa - 1914
World War I: Serbia declares war on Germany; Austria declares war on Russia.
Europe · SerbiaWikipedia: Serbia - 1914
World War I: U-boat campaign: Two days after the United Kingdom had declared war on Germany over the German invasion of Belgium, ten German U-boats leave their base in Heligoland to attack Royal Navy warships in the North Sea.
Europe · HeligolandWikipedia: World War I - 1915
World War I: Battle of Sari Bair: The Allies mount a diversionary attack timed to coincide with a major Allied landing of reinforcements at Suvla Bay.
Asia · Battle of Sari BairWikipedia: Battle of Sari Bair - 1917
World War I: Battle of Mărășești between the Romanian and German armies begins.
Europe · Battle of MărășeștiWikipedia: Battle of Mărășești - 1926
First public screening using the Vitaphone process
no place on the mapWikipedia: Vitaphone - 1926
Gertrude Ederle becomes the first woman to swim across the English Channel.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Gertrude Ederle - 1930
New York Supreme Court judge Joseph Force Crater disappeared in Manhattan, in a case that was never solved.
North America · ManhattanWikipedia: New York Supreme Court - 1940
Estonia is annexed by the Soviet Union.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Estonia - 1942
Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands becomes the first reigning queen to address a joint session of the United States Congress.
North America · United States CongressWikipedia: United States Congress - 1944
World War II: Allied forces attacked German fortifications at Saint-Malo, France, beginning the Battle of Saint-Malo.
Europe · Saint-MaloWikipedia: World War II - 1945
World War II: Hiroshima, Japan is devastated when the atomic bomb "Little Boy" is dropped by the United States B-29 Enola Gay. Around 70,000 people are killed instantly, and some tens of thousands die in subsequent years from burns and radiation poisoning.
Asia · Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and NagasakiWikipedia: Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki - 1956
After going bankrupt in 1955, the American broadcaster DuMont Television Network makes its final broadcast, a boxing match from St. Nicholas Arena in New York in the Boxing from St. Nicholas Arena series.
North America · St. Nicholas RinkWikipedia: St. Nicholas Rink - 1958
Law of Permanent Defense of Democracy, outlawing the Communist Party of Chile and banning 26,650 persons from the electoral lists, is repealed in Chile.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Law of Permanent Defense of Democracy - 1960
Cuban Revolution: Cuba nationalizes American and foreign-owned property in the nation.
Latin America · CubaWikipedia: Cuban Revolution - 1962
Jamaica becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
Latin America · JamaicaWikipedia: Jamaica - 1965
US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Voting Rights Act of 1965 into law.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Lyndon B. Johnson - 1979
An earthquake struck along the Calaveras Fault near Coyote Lake, California, injuring sixteen people.
North America · 1979 Coyote Lake earthquakeWikipedia: 1979 Coyote Lake earthquake - 1986
A low-pressure system that redeveloped off the New South Wales coast dumps a record 328 millimeters (13 inches) of rain in a day on Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Oceania · SydneyWikipedia: New South Wales - 1990
Gulf War: The United Nations Security Council orders a global trade embargo against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Gulf War - 1991
Takako Doi, chair of the Social Democratic Party, becomes Japan's first female speaker of the House of Representatives.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Takako Doi - 1991
Tim Berners-Lee releases files describing his idea for the World Wide Web. WWW makes its first appearance as a publicly available service on the Internet.
no place on the mapWikipedia: Tim Berners-Lee - 1996
NASA announces that the ALH 84001 meteorite, thought to originate from Mars, contains evidence of primitive life-forms.
Oceans · Allan Hills 84001Wikipedia: NASA - 1997
Korean Air Flight 801 crashed at Nimitz Hill, Guam, killing 229 of the 254 people on board.
Oceania · Korean Air Flight 801Wikipedia: Korean Air Flight 801 - 2001
Erwadi fire incident: Twenty-eight mentally ill persons tied to a chain are burnt to death at a faith based institution at Erwadi, Tamil Nadu.
Asia · Erwadi fire incidentWikipedia: Erwadi fire incident - 2008
A military junta led by Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz stages a coup d'état in Mauritania, overthrowing president Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi.
Africa · MauritaniaWikipedia: 2008 Mauritanian coup d'état - 2010
Flash floods across a large part of Jammu and Kashmir, India, damages 71 towns and kills at least 255 people.
Asia · Jammu and KashmirWikipedia: 2010 Ladakh floods - 2011
A series of riots broke out in several London boroughs and in cities and towns across England in response to the shooting of Mark Duggan by Metropolitan Police officers.
Britain & Ireland · 2011 England riotsWikipedia: 2011 England riots - 2011
War in Afghanistan: A United States military helicopter is shot down, killing 30 American special forces members and a working dog, seven Afghan soldiers, and one Afghan civilian. It was the deadliest single event for the United States in the War in Afghanistan.
Asia · Extortion 17 shootdownWikipedia: Extortion 17 shootdown - 2012
NASA's Curiosity rover lands on the surface of Mars.
no place on the mapWikipedia: NASA - 2013
A gas leak caused an explosion that collapsed a building and led to the deaths of 22 people in Rosario, Argentina.
Latin America · 2013 Rosario gas explosionWikipedia: 2013 Rosario gas explosion - 2015
A suicide bomb attack kills at least 15 people at a mosque in the Saudi city of Abha.
Asia · AbhaWikipedia: 2015 Abha mosque bombing
What the other Wikipedias remember
For these years the English list has nothing on this day. The events below come from the same day’s lists on Wikipedia in Romanian and Spanish and were translated for this page.
- 1791
The Brandenburg Gate in Berlin is inaugurated.
- 1792
In Paris (France), 600 republicans chosen from Marseille parade through the city singing a new song that will soon become a symbol of the French Revolution: La Marseillaise.
- 1932
In Venice (Italy), the first film festival opens.
Europe · VeniceTranslated from the list on Wikipedia in SpanishWikipedia: Festival Internacional de Cine de Venecia
Who was born on 6 August
In order of how many Wikipedia editions have an article about each. The first 60 of 172 are shown.
- 1928
Andy Warhol, American painter, photographer and film director (died 1987)
PittsburghWikipedia: Andy Warhol - 1881
Alexander Fleming, Scottish biologist, pharmacologist, and botanist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1955)
LochfieldWikipedia: Alexander Fleming - 1809
Alfred, Lord Tennyson, English poet (died 1892)
SomersbyWikipedia: Alfred, Lord Tennyson - 1983
Robin van Persie, Dutch footballer
RotterdamWikipedia: Robin van Persie - 1911
Lucille Ball, American actress, television producer and businesswoman (died 1989)
JamestownWikipedia: Lucille Ball - 1962
Michelle Yeoh, Malaysian-Hong Kong actress and producer
- 1868
Paul Claudel, French poet and playwright (died 1955)
Villeneuve-sur-FèreWikipedia: Paul Claudel - 1917
Robert Mitchum, American actor (died 1997)
BridgeportWikipedia: Robert Mitchum - 1667
Johann Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician (died 1748)
- 1973
Vera Farmiga, American actress
CliftonWikipedia: Vera Farmiga - 1651
François Fénelon, French archbishop and poet (died 1715)
Sainte-MondaneWikipedia: François Fénelon - 1970
M. Night Shyamalan, Indian-American director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1697
Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1745)
- 1638
Nicolas Malebranche, French priest and philosopher (died 1715)
- 1715
Luc de Clapiers, marquis de Vauvenargues, French author (died 1747)
Aix-en-ProvenceWikipedia: Luc de Clapiers, marquis de Vauvenargues - 1972
Geri Halliwell, English singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress
Watford General HospitalWikipedia: Geri Halliwell - 1766
William Hyde Wollaston, English chemist and physicist (died 1828)
- 1963
Kevin Mitnick, American computer security consultant, author, and convicted hacker (died 2023)
Van NuysWikipedia: Kevin Mitnick - 1984
Vedad Ibišević, Bosnian footballer
VlasenicaWikipedia: Vedad Ibišević - 1965
David Robinson, American basketball player and lieutenant
Key WestWikipedia: David Robinson - 1969
Elliott Smith, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (died 2003)
- 1775
Daniel O'Connell, Irish lawyer and politician, Lord Mayor of Dublin (died 1847)
CahersiveenWikipedia: Daniel O'Connell - 1844
Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (died 1900)
Windsor CastleWikipedia: Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - 1976
Melissa George, Australian-American actress
- 1985
Bafétimbi Gomis, French footballer
La Seyne-sur-MerWikipedia: Bafétimbi Gomis - 1180
Emperor Go-Toba of Japan (died 1239)
- 1916
Dom Mintoff, Maltese journalist and politician, 8th Prime Minister of Malta (died 2012)
CospicuaWikipedia: Dom Mintoff - 1768
Jean-Baptiste Bessières, French general and politician (died 1813)
- 1619
Barbara Strozzi, Italian composer and singer-songwriter (died 1677)
- 1930
Abbey Lincoln, American singer-songwriter and actress (died 2010)
ChicagoWikipedia: Abbey Lincoln - 1951
Catherine Hicks, American actress
ManhattanWikipedia: Catherine Hicks - 1937
Charlie Haden, American bassist and composer (died 2014)
ShenandoahWikipedia: Charlie Haden - 1891
William Slim, 1st Viscount Slim, English field marshal and politician, 13th Governor-General of Australia (died 1970)
- 1937
Barbara Windsor, English actress (died 2020)
ShoreditchWikipedia: Barbara Windsor - 1965
Yuki Kajiura, Japanese pianist and composer
- 1644
Louise de La Vallière, French mistress of Louis XIV (died 1710)
- 1908
Helen Jacobs, American tennis player and commander (died 1997)
- 1926
Frank Finlay, English actor (died 2016)
FarnworthWikipedia: Frank Finlay - 1943
Jon Postel, American computer scientist and academic (died 1998)
AltadenaWikipedia: Jon Postel - 1946
Allan Holdsworth, English guitarist, songwriter, and producer (died 2017)
- 1965
Stéphane Peterhansel, French racing driver
Échenoz-la-MélineWikipedia: Stéphane Peterhansel - 1666
Maria Sophia of Neuburg (died 1699)
Benrath PalaceWikipedia: Maria Sophia of Neuburg - 1874
Charles Fort, American author (died 1932)
AlbanyWikipedia: Charles Fort - 1934
Piers Anthony, English-American soldier and author
OxfordWikipedia: Piers Anthony - 1975
Renate Götschl, Austrian skier
JudenburgWikipedia: Renate Götschl - 1981
Leslie Odom Jr., American actor and singer
- 1920
Ella Raines, American actress (died 1988)
Fall CityWikipedia: Ella Raines - 1973
Stuart O'Grady, Australian cyclist
AdelaideWikipedia: Stuart O'Grady - 1910
Adoniran Barbosa, Brazilian musician, singer, composer, humorist, and actor (died 1982)
ValinhosWikipedia: Adoniran Barbosa - 1991
Jiao Liuyang, Chinese swimmer
HarbinWikipedia: Jiao Liuyang - 1995
Rebecca Peterson, Swedish tennis player
StockholmWikipedia: Rebecca Peterson - 1881
Louella Parsons, American journalist (died 1972)
FreeportWikipedia: Louella Parsons - 1765
Petros Mavromichalis, Greek general and politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Greece (died 1848)
- 1910
Charles Crichton, English director, producer, and screenwriter (died 1999)
WallaseyWikipedia: Charles Crichton - 1916
Richard Hofstadter, American historian and academic (died 1970)
- 1919
Pauline Betz, American tennis player (died 2011)
DaytonWikipedia: Pauline Betz - 1880
Hans Moser, Austrian actor and singer (died 1964)
ViennaWikipedia: Hans Moser - 1934
Chris Bonington, English mountaineer and author
HampsteadWikipedia: Chris Bonington - 1938
Paul Bartel, American actor, director, and screenwriter (died 2000)
BrooklynWikipedia: Paul Bartel - 1972
Jason O'Mara, Irish actor
SandycoveWikipedia: Jason O'Mara
What is celebrated on 6 August
- Christian holidays and observances Transfiguration of Jesus
- Christian holidays and observances Anna Maria Rubatto
- Christian holidays and observances Felicissimus and Agapitus
- Christian holidays and observances Pope Hormisdas
- Christian holidays and observances Justus and Pastor
- Christian holidays and observances Pope Sixtus II
- Christian holidays and observances August 6 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan's Accession Day. (United Arab Emirates)
- Independence Day (Bolivia), celebrates the independence of Bolivia from Spain in 1825.
- Independence Day (Jamaica), celebrates the independence of Jamaica from the United Kingdom in 1962.
- Hiroshima Peace Memorial Ceremony (Hiroshima, Japan)
- Russian Railway Troops Day (Russia)
A greeting link for someone
Type a name and, if you like, the year of birth. The link opens with a greeting, and beside each event it says how old the person turned that day, or how many years before their birth it happened.
The name and the year go only into the link you send.
All 366 days
How the globe is made
Where the events come from
Each edition of this page uses the day’s list from Wikipedia in its own language: Romanian, English, Spanish, Chinese. The lists are written by volunteers and differ from one edition to the next; the text of each event is Wikipedia’s, with a link to the article. A row that appears twice in a list is shown once. The lists have not been checked event by event: they are Wikipedia’s, mistakes included.
For events before 1582, and for countries that moved to the Gregorian calendar later (Britain in 1752, Russia in 1918), the same day may be counted Old Style in one list and New Style in another.
The chapter “What the other Wikipedias remember” adds up to five events a day from the lists of the other three editions, only for years in which the English list has nothing on that day. They were translated for this page, passed the same filters as the tour, and are not counted among the events of the English list.
How an event gets onto the map
The place comes from Wikidata. If the sentence links to the article about the event itself (a battle, an opening, an earthquake), dated to the same year, the ray stands on its coordinates or on those of its location. Otherwise it stands on the first place the sentence links to: a town, a building, a mountain, an island. This second step can be wrong: sometimes the sentence only mentions the place. That is why the page says, under each event, which place the ray stands on.
When the sentence links to a single state or province, or to a single sea, lake or desert larger than 5,000 km², the globe shows a dashed circle, not a ray. The circle has the area Wikidata gives, with its radius kept between 1.2° and 16°, or a radius of 4.5° when Wikidata gives no area; it says only that the sentence links to that place. Organisations, ships, spacecraft, museum objects, rivers, mountain ranges, languages and continents are never used as places. When a sentence names several states and no exact place, the event stays in the list only.
What the height means
The height of a ray shows how many years have passed, on a logarithmic scale: 10 years, 100 years and 1,000 years are equal steps apart; anything older than about 2,600 years has the tallest ray. The colour runs from pale yellow for recent years to violet for antiquity.
Where the tour stops
In each region the tour stops at up to three events (five in Britain and Ireland), chosen mainly by three things: whether Wikipedia’s editors put the event in the “On this day” box of their main page (the English, Spanish and Chinese editions), how many Wikipedia editions have an article about it, and how many of the four lists include it. Events whose sentence or article is about a war, an attack, a crime or a disaster are left out of the tour; they stay in the whole list, in Wikipedia’s wording. The filter is a list of words and a list of Wikidata types, so it can miss some.
The tour of births names the people with articles in the most editions and leaves aside those whom the list or Wikidata describes as rulers, politicians, commanders, leaders of movements or criminals; they stay in the list.
The Earth and the Sun
The daytime images are NASA’s Blue Marble Next Generation mosaics, one for each month of 2004; the night side is Black Marble 2016. The tilt of the line between day and night is computed for the day; the hour is chosen so that the place being read is in daylight. The latitude where the Sun stands overhead is the average of the four years of the leap cycle; in a given year it can differ by up to 0.4°.
The day you were born
The number ones come from the weekly lists on Wikipedia: Billboard for the United States (from 1940; the Hot 100 from August 1958), the UK Singles Chart (from November 1952), Los 40 Principales for Spain (from July 1966) and, for Romania, the Romanian Top 100 and Airplay 100 (2001–2021, with missing weeks). The page shows the chart of the week in which the day of birth falls, with its date; Billboard and the UK chart are dated at the end of their week. For Romania before 2001 and for China these sources have no weekly chart.
The films are those that reached cinemas in the United States up to ten days before or three days after that day (some of them in a few cinemas at first), from the English Wikipedia’s yearly lists (from 1968), in order of how many editions have an article about them. The events “in those days” are the ones on the neighbouring days’ lists that carry the year of birth, passed through the same filter as the tour.
The day of birth, year included
The Moon, the star sign and the constellation are worked out by the page itself, for noon Universal Time on the day. The lit part of the Moon is rounded and can differ by a few per cent from that at the hour of birth. The sign follows the usual zodiac of twelve equal parts starting at the March equinox; the constellation is the one the Sun actually stood in front of, by the borders set by the International Astronomical Union, and within a day of a border the page does not name it. When the Sun changes sign while it is that day anywhere on Earth, the page gives the moment of crossing, rounded to ten minutes and accurate to within about a quarter of an hour, and the clock time in a few cities, with the time zone and summer time of that year.
The year in the Chinese calendar is the one your device’s own calendar gives for the date, checked against the Hong Kong Observatory’s tables. “All your birthdays” uses the same sources as the rest of the chapter for the same day in every year since the birth: the temperature, well-known launches that took place on that very day, matches of the teams the edition follows, snow deeper than 10 cm and strong geomagnetic storms. The three things at the top and the four on the picture are chosen in a fixed order (the song, the animal, a full Moon, a well-known launch before an ordinary earthquake); on the picture you can change them.
When the link carries a year of birth, the page adds a few things about that exact day. The weather is the Met Office’s Central England temperature record and the readings from New York’s Central Park; the “usual high” is the average of the daily highs of 1961–1990 for that date, with two days either side. The carbon dioxide figure is the monthly mean at the Mauna Loa observatory, where measurements begin in March 1958.
The earthquake is the one with the largest magnitude in the USGS catalogue for that day, counted in Universal Time. Before the 1960s the catalogue has gaps even above magnitude 5.5, so in the older years many days have no earthquake. The page gives only the magnitude and the place: the country the epicentre falls in or, when the epicentre is at sea within 300 km of a coast, the nearest country; farther out, only the ocean.
The launches are those that reached orbit or left for the Moon and the planets, from Jonathan McDowell’s GCAT catalogue. If nothing left that day, the page shows the nearest launch within three days before or after, and says how many days away it was. The geomagnetic storm appears only when the Kp index reached at least 5 in one of the day’s eight three-hour intervals.
The animal comes from GBIF: an observation made by a person (the animal seen or heard, or its tracks), dated to that exact day, with coordinates and a CC0 or CC BY licence. Only a few hundred well-known species are searched (mammals, birds, turtles, butterflies); of those noted that day, mammals and species with articles in many Wikipedia editions come first; birds noted almost every day, and species used recently, wait their turn. Observations dated 1 January are left out, because records without a day are often filed there. An observation shows that the animal was recorded there, not how many animals there were.
The matches are those between national teams. Only matches of England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland, the United States, Canada and Australia are shown, along with those at the big final tournaments. The picture to send is drawn in the page from the day’s globe and the facts above, and stays on your device until you send it.
Sources
- Events, births and holidays: the day’s page on Wikipedia, text under CC BY-SA 4.0.
- Coordinates, places of birth and the number of editions: Wikidata (CC0).
- The Earth by day: NASA Blue Marble Next Generation. The Earth by night: NASA Black Marble 2016.
- Borders and regions: Natural Earth.
- World population and births per year: UN World Population Prospects 2024.
- Charts and films: Wikipedia’s lists for Billboard, the UK Singles Chart, Los 40 Principales, Romanian Top 100, Airplay 100 and American films by year (CC BY-SA 4.0).
- Weather: Met Office Hadley Centre, HadCET (Open Government Licence) and NOAA GHCN-Daily, New York Central Park. Carbon dioxide: NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory, Mauna Loa.
- Earthquakes: the USGS catalogue. Launches: Jonathan McDowell, GCAT (CC BY). Kp index: GFZ Potsdam (CC BY 4.0). Matches: International football results, Mart Jürisoo (CC0).
- Animal observations: GBIF, with a link to each record; species names come from Wikidata.