A day on the globeROENES中文
The Earth on 6 February, with the rays of the day’s events
  1. A birthday on the globe

    6 February on the globe: what happened in the world on this day, and who was born

    For 6 February, the English Wikipedia lists 47 events and 256 births. 19 of the events stand at their places as rays of light; eight more are dashed circles, where the sentence links only to a country or a sea. The taller the ray, the longer ago it happened. The people born that day come further down, as blue points.

    A birthday, yours or someone else’s:

  2. The Earth on 6 February

    The picture on the globe was assembled by NASA from satellite photographs taken in February 2004: the snow, the ice and the green are those of the month.

    On 6 February the Sun passes straight overhead at noon along the parallel of 15.7° south. In London, the day lasts about 9 hours 25 minutes.

    Beyond 74° south the Sun no longer sets; beyond 74° north it no longer rises.

    The line between day and night is tilted on the globe exactly as on this day of the year. On the dark side you can see the lights of towns.

  3. 6 February

    Europe#

    Four events from the day’s list are placed here, between 1900 and 2000.

    The globe stops at one of them; the whole list is further down. All four

  4. Europe · The Hague

    1900

    The Permanent Court of Arbitration, an international arbitration court at The Hague, is created when the Senate of the Netherlands ratifies an 1899 peace conference decree.

    On the map: The Hague.

    Also on the day’s list of Wikipedia in Chinese.

    Wikipedia: Permanent Court of Arbitration

  5. 6 February

    Asia#

    Six events from the day’s list are placed here, between 590 and 2023.

    The globe stops at one of them; the whole list is further down. All six

  6. Asia · Padang, Singapore

    1819

    The Treaty of Singapore was signed by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Hussein Shah of Johor, and Temenggong Abdul Rahman, and it is now recognised as the founding of modern Singapore.

    On the map: Padang, Singapore.

    Wikipedia: 1819 Singapore Treaty

  7. 6 February

    North America#

    11 events from the day’s list are placed here, between 1778 and 1998.

    The globe stops at three of them; the whole list is further down. All 11

  8. North America · Bowery Amphitheatre

    1843

    The first minstrel show in the United States, The Virginia Minstrels, opens (Bowery Amphitheatre in New York City).

    On the map: Bowery Amphitheatre.

    Wikipedia: Minstrel show

  9. North America · Washington, D.C.

    1922

    The Washington Naval Treaty is signed in Washington, D.C., limiting the naval armaments of United States, Britain, Japan, France, and Italy.

    On the map: Washington, D.C..

    Also on the day’s list of Wikipedia in Chinese.

    Wikipedia: Washington Naval Treaty

  10. North America · Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport

    1998

    Washington National Airport is renamed Ronald Reagan National Airport.

    On the map: Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport.

    Also on the day’s list of Wikipedia in Chinese.

    Wikipedia: Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport

  11. 6 February

    What the other Wikipedias remember#

    For these years the English list has nothing on this day. The events below come from the same day’s lists on Wikipedia in Spanish and were translated for this page.

  12. From Wikipedia in Spanish · Seville

    2004

    Beneath the floor of the Baroque Church of El Salvador (in Seville), a group of archaeologists finds four hundred tombs from the 18th century. The archaeologists were looking for the remains of an old mosque.

    On the map: Seville.

    Translated from the list on Wikipedia in Spanish.

    The article on Wikipedia in Spanish: Sevilla

  13. From Wikipedia in Spanish · Cortina d'Ampezzo

    2026

    In Italy, the opening ceremony of the 2026 Winter Olympic Games, held in Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo, takes place.

    On the map: Cortina d'Ampezzo.

    Translated from the list on Wikipedia in Spanish.

    The article on Wikipedia in Spanish: Ceremonia de apertura de los Juegos Olímpicos de Milán-Cortina d'Ampezzo 2026

  14. 6 February

    Born on 6 February#

    The English Wikipedia lists 256 births for this day. The blue points are the birthplaces of 60 of these people: those written about in the most Wikipedia editions, where Wikidata gives a place of birth.

  15. Born on 6 February

    1945

    Bob Marley, Jamaican singer-songwriter and cultural icon (died 1981)

    Place of birth: Nine Mile.

    Wikipedia: Bob Marley

  16. Born on 6 February

    1932

    François Truffaut, French filmmaker and critic (died 1984)

    Place of birth: 17th arrondissement of Paris.

    Wikipedia: François Truffaut

  17. Born on 6 February

    1912

    Eva Braun, German photographer, mistress and briefly wife of Adolf Hitler (died 1945)

    Place of birth: Munich.

    Wikipedia: Eva Braun

  18. Born on 6 February

    1895

    Babe Ruth, American baseball player and coach (died 1948)

    Place of birth: Baltimore.

    Wikipedia: Babe Ruth

  19. Born on 6 February

    1778

    Ugo Foscolo, Italian author and poet (died 1827)

    Place of birth: Zakynthos.

    Wikipedia: Ugo Foscolo

  20. Born in Britain and Ireland

    1966

    Rick Astley, British pop singer

    Place of birth: Newton-le-Willows.

    Wikipedia: Rick Astley

  21. Born in Britain and Ireland

    1913

    Mary Leakey, English-Kenyan archaeologist and anthropologist (died 1996)

    Place of birth: London.

    Wikipedia: Mary Leakey

  22. Born in Britain and Ireland

    1802

    Charles Wheatstone, English-French physicist and cryptographer (died 1875)

    Place of birth: Gloucester.

    Wikipedia: Charles Wheatstone

  23. The whole globe of the day

    Drag the globe to turn it. Touch a ray or a point to read what happened there.

Everything Wikipedia lists for 6 February

The list is the English Wikipedia’s, in its own wording, as it stood in October 2026. 20 events have no place on the map: the sentence links to no place with coordinates, only to places too wide to mark, or to several countries.

  1. 337

    Election of Pope Julius I.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Pope Julius I
  2. 590

    Hormizd IV, king of the Sasanian Empire, is overthrown and blinded by his brothers-in-law Vistahm and Vinduyih.

    Asia · Sasanian EmpireWikipedia: Hormizd IV
  3. 1579

    The Diocese of Manila is erected by papal bull, with Domingo de Salazar appointed its first bishop.

  4. 1685

    James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of his brother Charles II.

  5. 1694

    Dandara dos Palmares, leader of the runaway slaves in Quilombo dos Palmares, Brazil, is captured and commits suicide rather than be returned to a life of slavery.

    Latin America · PalmaresWikipedia: Dandara dos Palmares
  6. 1778

    American Revolutionary War: In Paris the Treaty of Alliance and the Treaty of Amity and Commerce are signed by the United States and France signaling official recognition of the new republic.

  7. 1778

    New York became the third state to ratify the Articles of Confederation.

    North America · New YorkWikipedia: New York
  8. 1788

    Massachusetts becomes the sixth state to ratify the United States Constitution.

    North America · MassachusettsWikipedia: Massachusetts
  9. 1806

    Battle of San Domingo: British naval victory against the French in the Caribbean.

    Latin America · Battle of San DomingoWikipedia: Battle of San Domingo
  10. 1819

    The Treaty of Singapore was signed by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Hussein Shah of Johor, and Temenggong Abdul Rahman, and it is now recognised as the founding of modern Singapore.

    Asia · Padang, SingaporeWikipedia: 1819 Singapore Treaty
  11. 1820

    The first 86 African American immigrants sponsored by the American Colonization Society depart New York to start a settlement in present-day Liberia.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: African Americans
  12. 1833

    Otto becomes the first modern King of Greece.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Otto of Greece
  13. 1840

    Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, establishing New Zealand as a British colony.

  14. 1843

    The first minstrel show in the United States, The Virginia Minstrels, opens (Bowery Amphitheatre in New York City).

    North America · Bowery AmphitheatreWikipedia: Minstrel show
  15. 1851

    The largest Australian bushfires in a populous region in recorded history take place in the state of Victoria.

    Oceania · VictoriaWikipedia: Black Thursday bushfires
  16. 1862

    American Civil War: Forces under the command of Ulysses S. Grant and Andrew H. Foote give the Union its first victory of the war, capturing Fort Henry, Tennessee in the Battle of Fort Henry.

    North America · Battle of Fort HenryWikipedia: American Civil War
  17. 1865

    The municipal administration of Finland is established.

  18. 1899

    Spanish–American War: The Treaty of Paris, a peace treaty between the United States and Spain, is ratified by the United States Senate.

  19. 1900

    The Permanent Court of Arbitration, an international arbitration court at The Hague, is created when the Senate of the Netherlands ratifies an 1899 peace conference decree.

    Europe · The HagueWikipedia: Permanent Court of Arbitration
  20. 1918

    British women over the age of 30 who meet minimum property qualifications, get the right to vote when Representation of the People Act 1918 is passed by Parliament.

  21. 1918

    Conscientious objector Henry Firth died in a work camp on Dartmoor, England, triggering a strike over living conditions.

  22. 1919

    The five-day Seattle General Strike begins, as more than 65,000 workers in the city of Seattle, Washington, walk off the job.

    North America · SeattleWikipedia: Seattle General Strike
  23. 1922

    The Washington Naval Treaty is signed in Washington, D.C., limiting the naval armaments of United States, Britain, Japan, France, and Italy.

    North America · Washington, D.C.Wikipedia: Washington Naval Treaty
  24. 1934

    Far-right leagues rally in front of the Palais Bourbon in an attempted coup against the French Third Republic, creating a political crisis in France.

    Europe · Palais BourbonWikipedia: 6 February 1934 crisis
  25. 1944

    World War II: The Great Raids Against Helsinki begins.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: World War II
  26. 1951

    The Broker, a Pennsylvania Railroad passenger train derails near Woodbridge Township, New Jersey. The accident kills 85 people and injures over 500 more. The wreck is one of the worst rail disasters in American history.

    North America · Woodbridge Township, New JerseyWikipedia: Woodbridge train derailment
  27. 1951

    The Canadian Army enters combat in the Korean War.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Canadian Army
  28. 1952

    Elizabeth II becomes Queen of the United Kingdom and her other Realms and Territories and Head of the Commonwealth upon the death of her father, George VI. At the exact moment of succession, she was in a tree house at the Treetops Hotel in Kenya.

    Africa · Treetops HotelWikipedia: Elizabeth II
  29. 1958

    Eight Manchester United F.C. players and 15 other passengers are killed in the Munich air disaster.

    Europe · Munich air disasterWikipedia: Munich air disaster
  30. 1959

    At Cape Canaveral, Florida, the first successful test firing of a Titan intercontinental ballistic missile is accomplished.

    North America · FloridaWikipedia: Cape Canaveral
  31. 1959

    Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments files the first patent for an integrated circuit.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Jack Kilby
  32. 1973

    The Ms 7.6 Luhuo earthquake strikes Sichuan Province, causing widespread destruction and killing at least 2,199 people.

    Asia · 1973 Luhuo earthquakeWikipedia: 1973 Luhuo earthquake
  33. 1976

    In testimony before a United States Senate subcommittee, Lockheed Corporation president Carl Kotchian admits that the company had paid out approximately $3 million in bribes to the office of Japanese Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka.

  34. 1978

    The Blizzard of 1978, one of the worst Nor'easters in New England history, hit the region, with sustained winds of 65 mph and snowfall of four inches an hour.

    North America · New EnglandWikipedia: Northeastern United States blizzard of 1978
  35. 1981

    The National Resistance Army of Uganda launches an attack on a Ugandan Army installation in the central Mubende District to begin the Ugandan Bush War.

    Africa · Mubende DistrictWikipedia: Ugandan Bush War
  36. 1987

    Justice Mary Gaudron becomes the first woman to be appointed to the High Court of Australia.

  37. 1989

    The Round Table Talks start in Poland, thus marking the beginning of the overthrow of communism in Eastern Europe.

  38. 1996

    Birgenair Flight 301 crashed off the coast of the Dominican Republic, killing all 189 people on board. This is the deadliest aviation accident involving a Boeing 757.

    Latin America · Birgenair Flight 301Wikipedia: Birgenair Flight 301
  39. 1996

    Willamette Valley Flood: Floods in the Willamette Valley of Oregon, United States, causes over US$500 million in property damage throughout the Pacific Northwest.

    North America · OregonWikipedia: Willamette Valley flood of 1996
  40. 1998

    Washington National Airport is renamed Ronald Reagan National Airport.

    North America · Ronald Reagan Washington National AirportWikipedia: Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport
  41. 2000

    Second Chechen War: Russia captures Grozny, Chechnya, forcing the separatist Chechen Republic of Ichkeria government into exile.

    Europe · Battle of GroznyWikipedia: Second Chechen War
  42. 2006

    Stephen Harper becomes Prime Minister of Canada.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Stephen Harper
  43. 2012

    A magnitude 6.7 earthquake hits the central Philippine island of Negros, leaving 112 people dead.

    Asia · 2012 Negros earthquakeWikipedia: 2012 Negros earthquake
  44. 2016

    An earthquake of magnitude 6.6 strikes southern Taiwan, killing 117 people.

    Asia · 2016 southern Taiwan earthquakeWikipedia: 2016 southern Taiwan earthquake
  45. 2018

    SpaceX's Falcon Heavy, a super heavy launch vehicle, makes its maiden flight.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: SpaceX
  46. 2021

    U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken suspends agreements with Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras to send asylum seekers back to their home countries.

    no place on the mapWikipedia: Antony Blinken
  47. 2023

    Two earthquakes measuring Mww 7.8 and 7.5 struck near the border between Turkey and Syria with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XII (Extreme). The earthquakes resulted in numerous aftershocks and a death toll of 57,658 people.

    Asia · 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakesWikipedia: 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes

What the other Wikipedias remember

For these years the English list has nothing on this day. The events below come from the same day’s lists on Wikipedia in Spanish and were translated for this page.

  1. 2004

    Beneath the floor of the Baroque Church of El Salvador (in Seville), a group of archaeologists finds four hundred tombs from the 18th century. The archaeologists were looking for the remains of an old mosque.

    Europe · SevilleTranslated from the list on Wikipedia in SpanishWikipedia: Sevilla
  2. 2026

    In Italy, the opening ceremony of the 2026 Winter Olympic Games, held in Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo, takes place.

    Europe · Cortina d'AmpezzoTranslated from the list on Wikipedia in SpanishWikipedia: Ceremonia de apertura de los Juegos Olímpicos de Milán-Cortina d'Ampezzo 2026

Who was born on 6 February

In order of how many Wikipedia editions have an article about each. The first 60 of 256 are shown.

  1. 1911

    Ronald Reagan, American actor and politician, 40th President of the United States (died 2004)

    Birthplace of Ronald ReaganWikipedia: Ronald Reagan
  2. 1945

    Bob Marley, Jamaican singer-songwriter and cultural icon (died 1981)

    Nine MileWikipedia: Bob Marley
  3. 1932

    François Truffaut, French filmmaker and critic (died 1984)

    17th arrondissement of ParisWikipedia: François Truffaut
  4. 1665

    Anne, Queen of Great Britain, Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland (died 1714)

    St James's PalaceWikipedia: Anne, Queen of Great Britain
  5. 1912

    Eva Braun, German photographer, mistress and briefly wife of Adolf Hitler (died 1945)

    MunichWikipedia: Eva Braun
  6. 1895

    Babe Ruth, American baseball player and coach (died 1948)

    BaltimoreWikipedia: Babe Ruth
  7. 1756

    Aaron Burr, American colonel and politician, 3rd Vice President of the United States (died 1836)

    NewarkWikipedia: Aaron Burr
  8. 1778

    Ugo Foscolo, Italian author and poet (died 1827)

    ZakynthosWikipedia: Ugo Foscolo
  9. 1664

    Mustafa II, Ottoman sultan (died 1703)

    EdirneWikipedia: Mustafa II
  10. 1962

    Axl Rose, American singer and songwriter

    LafayetteWikipedia: Axl Rose
  11. 1966

    Rick Astley, British pop singer

    Newton-le-WillowsWikipedia: Rick Astley
  12. 1950

    Natalie Cole, American singer (died 2015)

    Los AngelesWikipedia: Natalie Cole
  13. 1748

    Adam Weishaupt, German philosopher and academic, founded the Illuminati (died 1830)

    IngolstadtWikipedia: Adam Weishaupt
  14. 1892

    William P. Murphy, American physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1987)

    StoughtonWikipedia: William P. Murphy
  15. 1908

    Amintore Fanfani, Italian journalist and politician, 32nd Prime Minister of Italy (died 1999)

    Pieve Santo StefanoWikipedia: Amintore Fanfani
  16. 1995

    Leon Goretzka, German footballer

    BochumWikipedia: Leon Goretzka
  17. 1905

    Władysław Gomułka, Polish politician (died 1982)

    KrosnoWikipedia: Władysław Gomułka
  18. 1964

    Andrey Zvyagintsev, Russian actor and director

    NovosibirskWikipedia: Andrey Zvyagintsev
  19. 1890

    Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Pakistani activist and politician (died 1988)

    HashtnagarWikipedia: Abdul Ghaffar Khan
  20. 1913

    Mary Leakey, English-Kenyan archaeologist and anthropologist (died 1996)

    LondonWikipedia: Mary Leakey
  21. 1931

    Rip Torn, American actor (died 2019)

    TempleWikipedia: Rip Torn
  22. 1932

    Camilo Cienfuegos, Cuban soldier and anarchist (died 1959)

    HavanaWikipedia: Camilo Cienfuegos
  23. 1611

    Chongzhen Emperor of China (died 1644)

    BeijingWikipedia: Chongzhen Emperor
  24. 1802

    Charles Wheatstone, English-French physicist and cryptographer (died 1875)

    GloucesterWikipedia: Charles Wheatstone
  25. 1984

    Darren Bent, English international footballer

    TootingWikipedia: Darren Bent
  26. 1925

    Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Indonesian novelist and intellectual (died 2006)

    BloraWikipedia: Pramoedya Ananta Toer
  27. 2000

    Conor Gallagher, English footballer

    EpsomWikipedia: Conor Gallagher
  28. 1995

    Nyck de Vries, Dutch racing driver

    UitwellingergaWikipedia: Nyck de Vries
  29. 1903

    Claudio Arrau, Chilean pianist and composer (died 1991)

    ChillánWikipedia: Claudio Arrau
  30. 1924

    Billy Wright, English footballer and manager (died 1994)

    IronbridgeWikipedia: Billy Wright
  31. 1924

    Jin Yong, Hong Kong author and publisher, founded Ming Pao (died 2018)

    HainingWikipedia: Jin Yong
  32. 1612

    Antoine Arnauld, French mathematician, theologian, and philosopher (died 1694)

    ParisWikipedia: Antoine Arnauld
  33. 1940

    Tom Brokaw, American journalist and author

    WebsterWikipedia: Tom Brokaw
  34. 885

    Emperor Daigo of Japan (died 930)

    Heian-kyōWikipedia: Emperor Daigo
  35. 1912

    Christopher Hill, English historian and author (died 2003)

    YorkWikipedia: Christopher Hill
  36. 1955

    Avram Grant, Israeli football manager

    Petah TikvaWikipedia: Avram Grant
  37. 1838

    Henry Irving, English actor and manager (died 1905)

    Keinton MandevilleWikipedia: Henry Irving
  38. 1861

    Nikolay Zelinsky, Russian chemist and academic (died 1953)

    TiraspolWikipedia: Nikolay Zelinsky
  39. 1949

    Manuel Orantes, Spanish tennis player

    GranadaWikipedia: Manuel Orantes
  40. 1979

    Dan Bălan, Moldovan singer-songwriter and producer

    ChișinăuWikipedia: Dan Balan
  41. 1465

    Scipione del Ferro, Italian mathematician and theorist (died 1526)

    BolognaWikipedia: Scipione del Ferro
  42. 1833

    J. E. B. Stuart, American general (died 1864)

    Laurel Hill FarmWikipedia: J. E. B. Stuart
  43. 1899

    Ramon Novarro, Mexican-American actor, singer, and director (died 1968)

    Victoria de DurangoWikipedia: Ramon Novarro
  44. 1922

    Patrick Macnee, British-American actor (died 2015)

    LondonWikipedia: Patrick Macnee
  45. 1950

    Timothy M. Dolan, American cardinal

    St. LouisWikipedia: Timothy Dolan
  46. 1949

    Jim Sheridan, Irish director, producer, and screenwriter

    DublinWikipedia: Jim Sheridan
  47. 1577

    Beatrice Cenci, Italian murderer (died 1599)

    RomeWikipedia: Beatrice Cenci
  48. 1695

    Nicolaus II Bernoulli, Swiss-Russian mathematician and theorist (died 1726)

    BaselWikipedia: Nicolaus II Bernoulli
  49. 1923

    Gyula Lóránt, Hungarian footballer and manager (died 1981)

    KőszegWikipedia: Gyula Lóránt
  50. 1952

    Ricardo La Volpe, Argentinian footballer, manager, and coach

    Buenos AiresWikipedia: Ricardo La Volpe
  51. 1965

    Jan Svěrák, Czech actor, director, and screenwriter

    ŽatecWikipedia: Jan Svěrák
  52. 1968

    Akira Yamaoka, Japanese composer and producer

    NiigataWikipedia: Akira Yamaoka
  53. 1989

    Craig Cathcart, Northern Irish footballer

    BelfastWikipedia: Craig Cathcart
  54. 1842

    Alexandre Ribot, French academic and politician, Prime Minister of France (died 1923)

    Saint-OmerWikipedia: Alexandre Ribot
  55. 1608

    António Vieira, Portuguese priest and philosopher (died 1697)

    Freguesia da SéWikipedia: António Vieira
  56. 1758

    Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz, Belarusian-Polish poet, playwright, and politician (died 1841)

  57. 1927

    Gerard K. O'Neill, American physicist and astronomer (died 1992)

    BrooklynWikipedia: Gerard K. O'Neill
  58. 1969

    David Hayter, American actor and screenwriter

    Santa MonicaWikipedia: David Hayter
  59. 1796

    John Stevens Henslow, English botanist and geologist (died 1861)

    RochesterWikipedia: John Stevens Henslow
  60. 1893

    Muhammad Zafarullah Khan, Pakistani politician and diplomat, 1st Minister of Foreign Affairs for Pakistan (died 1985)

    SialkotWikipedia: Zafrulla Khan

What is celebrated on 6 February

  • Christian feast day: Amand
  • Christian feast day: Dorothea of Caesarea
  • Christian feast day: Hildegund, O.Praem.
  • Christian feast day: Jacut
  • Christian feast day: Mateo Correa Magallanes (one of Saints of the Cristero War)
  • Christian feast day: Mél of Ardagh
  • Christian feast day: Paul Miki and Twenty-six Martyrs of Japan
  • Christian feast day: Relindis (Renule) of Maaseik
  • Christian feast day: Vedastus
  • Christian feast day: February 6 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • International Day of Zero Tolerance to Female Genital Mutilation (United Nations)
  • Ronald Reagan Day (California, United States)
  • Sami National Day (Russia, Finland, Norway and Sweden)
  • Waitangi Day, celebrates the founding of New Zealand in 1840.

A greeting link for someone

Type a name and, if you like, the year of birth. The link opens with a greeting, and beside each event it says how old the person turned that day, or how many years before their birth it happened.

The name and the year go only into the link you send.

Download the day’s picture

All 366 days

How the globe is made

Where the events come from

Each edition of this page uses the day’s list from Wikipedia in its own language: Romanian, English, Spanish, Chinese. The lists are written by volunteers and differ from one edition to the next; the text of each event is Wikipedia’s, with a link to the article. A row that appears twice in a list is shown once. The lists have not been checked event by event: they are Wikipedia’s, mistakes included.

For events before 1582, and for countries that moved to the Gregorian calendar later (Britain in 1752, Russia in 1918), the same day may be counted Old Style in one list and New Style in another.

The chapter “What the other Wikipedias remember” adds up to five events a day from the lists of the other three editions, only for years in which the English list has nothing on that day. They were translated for this page, passed the same filters as the tour, and are not counted among the events of the English list.

How an event gets onto the map

The place comes from Wikidata. If the sentence links to the article about the event itself (a battle, an opening, an earthquake), dated to the same year, the ray stands on its coordinates or on those of its location. Otherwise it stands on the first place the sentence links to: a town, a building, a mountain, an island. This second step can be wrong: sometimes the sentence only mentions the place. That is why the page says, under each event, which place the ray stands on.

When the sentence links to a single state or province, or to a single sea, lake or desert larger than 5,000 km², the globe shows a dashed circle, not a ray. The circle has the area Wikidata gives, with its radius kept between 1.2° and 16°, or a radius of 4.5° when Wikidata gives no area; it says only that the sentence links to that place. Organisations, ships, spacecraft, museum objects, rivers, mountain ranges, languages and continents are never used as places. When a sentence names several states and no exact place, the event stays in the list only.

What the height means

The height of a ray shows how many years have passed, on a logarithmic scale: 10 years, 100 years and 1,000 years are equal steps apart; anything older than about 2,600 years has the tallest ray. The colour runs from pale yellow for recent years to violet for antiquity.

Where the tour stops

In each region the tour stops at up to three events (five in Britain and Ireland), chosen mainly by three things: whether Wikipedia’s editors put the event in the “On this day” box of their main page (the English, Spanish and Chinese editions), how many Wikipedia editions have an article about it, and how many of the four lists include it. Events whose sentence or article is about a war, an attack, a crime or a disaster are left out of the tour; they stay in the whole list, in Wikipedia’s wording. The filter is a list of words and a list of Wikidata types, so it can miss some.

The tour of births names the people with articles in the most editions and leaves aside those whom the list or Wikidata describes as rulers, politicians, commanders, leaders of movements or criminals; they stay in the list.

The Earth and the Sun

The daytime images are NASA’s Blue Marble Next Generation mosaics, one for each month of 2004; the night side is Black Marble 2016. The tilt of the line between day and night is computed for the day; the hour is chosen so that the place being read is in daylight. The latitude where the Sun stands overhead is the average of the four years of the leap cycle; in a given year it can differ by up to 0.4°.

The day you were born

The number ones come from the weekly lists on Wikipedia: Billboard for the United States (from 1940; the Hot 100 from August 1958), the UK Singles Chart (from November 1952), Los 40 Principales for Spain (from July 1966) and, for Romania, the Romanian Top 100 and Airplay 100 (2001–2021, with missing weeks). The page shows the chart of the week in which the day of birth falls, with its date; Billboard and the UK chart are dated at the end of their week. For Romania before 2001 and for China these sources have no weekly chart.

The films are those that reached cinemas in the United States up to ten days before or three days after that day (some of them in a few cinemas at first), from the English Wikipedia’s yearly lists (from 1968), in order of how many editions have an article about them. The events “in those days” are the ones on the neighbouring days’ lists that carry the year of birth, passed through the same filter as the tour.

The day of birth, year included

The Moon, the star sign and the constellation are worked out by the page itself, for noon Universal Time on the day. The lit part of the Moon is rounded and can differ by a few per cent from that at the hour of birth. The sign follows the usual zodiac of twelve equal parts starting at the March equinox; the constellation is the one the Sun actually stood in front of, by the borders set by the International Astronomical Union, and within a day of a border the page does not name it. When the Sun changes sign while it is that day anywhere on Earth, the page gives the moment of crossing, rounded to ten minutes and accurate to within about a quarter of an hour, and the clock time in a few cities, with the time zone and summer time of that year.

The year in the Chinese calendar is the one your device’s own calendar gives for the date, checked against the Hong Kong Observatory’s tables. “All your birthdays” uses the same sources as the rest of the chapter for the same day in every year since the birth: the temperature, well-known launches that took place on that very day, matches of the teams the edition follows, snow deeper than 10 cm and strong geomagnetic storms. The three things at the top and the four on the picture are chosen in a fixed order (the song, the animal, a full Moon, a well-known launch before an ordinary earthquake); on the picture you can change them.

When the link carries a year of birth, the page adds a few things about that exact day. The weather is the Met Office’s Central England temperature record and the readings from New York’s Central Park; the “usual high” is the average of the daily highs of 1961–1990 for that date, with two days either side. The carbon dioxide figure is the monthly mean at the Mauna Loa observatory, where measurements begin in March 1958.

The earthquake is the one with the largest magnitude in the USGS catalogue for that day, counted in Universal Time. Before the 1960s the catalogue has gaps even above magnitude 5.5, so in the older years many days have no earthquake. The page gives only the magnitude and the place: the country the epicentre falls in or, when the epicentre is at sea within 300 km of a coast, the nearest country; farther out, only the ocean.

The launches are those that reached orbit or left for the Moon and the planets, from Jonathan McDowell’s GCAT catalogue. If nothing left that day, the page shows the nearest launch within three days before or after, and says how many days away it was. The geomagnetic storm appears only when the Kp index reached at least 5 in one of the day’s eight three-hour intervals.

The animal comes from GBIF: an observation made by a person (the animal seen or heard, or its tracks), dated to that exact day, with coordinates and a CC0 or CC BY licence. Only a few hundred well-known species are searched (mammals, birds, turtles, butterflies); of those noted that day, mammals and species with articles in many Wikipedia editions come first; birds noted almost every day, and species used recently, wait their turn. Observations dated 1 January are left out, because records without a day are often filed there. An observation shows that the animal was recorded there, not how many animals there were.

The matches are those between national teams. Only matches of England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland, the United States, Canada and Australia are shown, along with those at the big final tournaments. The picture to send is drawn in the page from the day’s globe and the facts above, and stays on your device until you send it.

Sources

More pages about birthdays